"Merge Tagged PR 4836"

"Merge Tagged PR 5896"
Merge pull request #6459 from lat9nq/ubuntu-fixes
2021-07-02 12:03:01 +00:00 · 2021-07-02 12:03:00 +00:00 · 2021-06-30 21:47:57 -04:00 · 2021-06-29 00:10:31 -04:00 · 2021-06-28 14:51:49 -04:00 · 2021-06-28 10:14:36 -04:00
171 changed files with 4203 additions and 7740 deletions
@@ -18,19 +18,20 @@ cd ..
 mkdir package

 if [ -d "/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/qt5/plugins/platforms/" ]; then
-  QT_PLATFORM_DLL_PATH='/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/qt5/plugins/platforms/'
+  QT_PLUGINS_PATH='/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/qt5/plugins'
 else
  #fallback to qt
-  QT_PLATFORM_DLL_PATH='/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/qt/plugins/platforms/'
+  QT_PLUGINS_PATH='/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/qt/plugins'
 fi

 find build/ -name "yuzu*.exe" -exec cp {} 'package' \;

 # copy Qt plugins
 mkdir package/platforms
-cp "${QT_PLATFORM_DLL_PATH}/qwindows.dll" package/platforms/
-cp -rv "${QT_PLATFORM_DLL_PATH}/../mediaservice/" package/
-cp -rv "${QT_PLATFORM_DLL_PATH}/../imageformats/" package/
+cp -v "${QT_PLUGINS_PATH}/platforms/qwindows.dll" package/platforms/
+cp -rv "${QT_PLUGINS_PATH}/mediaservice/" package/
+cp -rv "${QT_PLUGINS_PATH}/imageformats/" package/
+cp -rv "${QT_PLUGINS_PATH}/styles/" package/
 rm -f package/mediaservice/*d.dll

 for i in package/*.exe; do
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 	url = https://github.com/libusb/libusb.git
 [submodule "discord-rpc"]
    path = externals/discord-rpc
-    url = https://github.com/discordapp/discord-rpc.git
+    url = https://github.com/discord/discord-rpc.git
 [submodule "Vulkan-Headers"]
    path = externals/Vulkan-Headers
    url = https://github.com/KhronosGroup/Vulkan-Headers.git
@@ -43,3 +43,6 @@
 [submodule "SDL"]
 	path = externals/SDL
 	url = https://github.com/libsdl-org/SDL.git
+[submodule "externals/cpp-httplib"]
+	path = externals/cpp-httplib
+	url = https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib.git
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ macro(yuzu_find_packages)
    set(REQUIRED_LIBS
    #    Cmake Pkg Prefix  Version     Conan Pkg
        "Catch2            2.13        catch2/2.13.0"
-        "fmt               7.1         fmt/7.1.2"
+        "fmt               8.0         fmt/8.0.0"
        "lz4               1.8         lz4/1.9.2"
        "nlohmann_json     3.8         nlohmann_json/3.8.0"
        "ZLIB              1.2         zlib/1.2.11"
@@ -253,11 +253,82 @@ if(ENABLE_QT)

    # Check for system Qt on Linux, fallback to bundled Qt
    if (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} STREQUAL "Linux")
-        if (NOT YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_QT)
-            find_package(Qt5 ${QT_VERSION} COMPONENTS Widgets QUIET)
-            if (NOT Qt5_FOUND)
-                set(YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_QT ON CACHE BOOL "Download bundled Qt" FORCE)
+        find_package(Qt5 ${QT_VERSION} COMPONENTS Widgets)
+        if (NOT Qt5_FOUND OR YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_QT)
+            # Check for dependencies, then enable bundled Qt download
+
+            # Check that the system GLIBCXX version is compatible
+            find_program(OBJDUMP objdump)
+            if ("${OBJDUMP}" STREQUAL "OBJDUMP-NOTFOUND")
+                message(FATAL_ERROR "Required program `objdump` not found.")
            endif()
+            find_library(LIBSTDCXX libstdc++.so.6)
+            execute_process(
+                COMMAND
+                    ${OBJDUMP} -T ${LIBSTDCXX}
+                COMMAND
+                    grep GLIBCXX_3.4.28
+                COMMAND
+                    sed "s/[0-9a-f]*.*  //"
+                COMMAND
+                    sed "s/ .*//"
+                COMMAND
+                    sort -u
+                OUTPUT_VARIABLE
+                    GLIBCXX_MET
+            )
+            if (NOT GLIBCXX_MET)
+                message(FATAL_ERROR "Qt too old or not found, and bundled Qt package is not \
+                    compatible with this system. Either install Qt ${QT_VERSION}, or provide the path \
+                    to Qt by setting the variable Qt5_ROOT.")
+            endif()
+
+            # Check for headers
+            Include(FindPkgConfig REQUIRED)
+            pkg_check_modules(QT_DEP_GLU QUIET glu>=9.0.0)
+            if (NOT QT_DEP_GLU_FOUND)
+                message(FATAL_ERROR "Qt bundled pacakge dependency `glu` not found. \
+                    Perhaps `libglu1-mesa-dev` needs to be installed?")
+            endif()
+            pkg_check_modules(QT_DEP_MESA QUIET dri>=20.0.8)
+            if (NOT QT_DEP_MESA_FOUND)
+                message(FATAL_ERROR "Qt bundled pacakge dependency `dri` not found. \
+                    Perhaps `mesa-common-dev` needs to be installed?")
+            endif()
+
+            # Check for X libraries
+            set(BUNDLED_QT_REQUIREMENTS
+                libxcb-icccm.so.4
+                libxcb-image.so.0
+                libxcb-keysyms.so.1
+                libxcb-randr.so.0
+                libxcb-render-util.so.0
+                libxcb-render.so.0
+                libxcb-shape.so.0
+                libxcb-shm.so.0
+                libxcb-sync.so.1
+                libxcb-xfixes.so.0
+                libxcb-xinerama.so.0
+                libxcb-xkb.so.1
+                libxcb.so.1
+                libxkbcommon-x11.so.0
+                libxkbcommon.so.0
+            )
+            set(UNRESOLVED_QT_DEPS "")
+            foreach (REQUIREMENT ${BUNDLED_QT_REQUIREMENTS})
+                find_library(BUNDLED_QT_${REQUIREMENT} ${REQUIREMENT})
+                if ("${BUNDLED_QT_${REQUIREMENT}}" STREQUAL "BUNDLED_QT_${REQUIREMENT}-NOTFOUND")
+                    set(UNRESOLVED_QT_DEPS ${UNRESOLVED_QT_DEPS} ${REQUIREMENT})
+                endif()
+                unset(BUNDLED_QT_${REQUIREMENT})
+            endforeach()
+            unset(BUNDLED_QT_REQUIREMENTS)
+
+            if (NOT "${UNRESOLVED_QT_DEPS}" STREQUAL "")
+                message(FATAL_ERROR "Bundled Qt package missing required dependencies: ${UNRESOLVED_QT_DEPS}")
+            endif()
+
+            set(YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_QT ON CACHE BOOL "Download bundled Qt" FORCE)
        endif()
        if (YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_QT)
            # Binary package currently does not support Qt webengine, so make sure it's disabled
@@ -473,7 +544,15 @@ if (YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_FFMPEG)

        # FFmpeg has source that requires one of nasm or yasm to assemble it.
        # REQUIRED throws an error if not found here during configuration rather than during compilation.
-        find_program(ASSEMBLER NAMES nasm yasm REQUIRED)
+        find_program(ASSEMBLER NAMES nasm yasm)
+        if ("${ASSEMBLER}" STREQUAL "ASSEMBLER-NOTFOUND")
+            message(FATAL_ERROR "One of either `nasm` or `yasm` not found but is required.")
+        endif()
+
+        find_program(AUTOCONF autoconf)
+        if ("${AUTOCONF}" STREQUAL "AUTOCONF-NOTFOUND")
+            message(FATAL_ERROR "Required program `autoconf` not found.")
+        endif()

        set(FFmpeg_PREFIX ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/externals/ffmpeg)
        set(FFmpeg_BUILD_DIR ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/externals/ffmpeg)
@@ -1,43 +1,80 @@
-yuzu emulator
-=============
-[![Travis CI Build Status](https://travis-ci.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu)
-[![Azure Mainline CI Build Status](https://dev.azure.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/_apis/build/status/yuzu%20mainline?branchName=master)](https://dev.azure.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/)
-[![Discord](https://img.shields.io/discord/398318088170242053?color=%237289DA&label=yuzu&logo=discord&logoColor=white)](https://discord.com/invite/u77vRWY)
+<h1 align="center">
+  <br>
+  <a href="https://yuzu-emu.org/"><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu-assets/master/icons/icon.png" alt="yuzu" width="200"></a>
+  <br>
+  <b>yuzu</b>
+  <br>
+</h1>

-yuzu is an experimental open-source emulator for the Nintendo Switch from the creators of [Citra](https://citra-emu.org/).
+<h4 align="center"><b>yuzu</b> is the world's most popular, open-source, Nintendo Switch emulator — started by the creators of <a href="https://citra-emu.org" target="_blank">Citra</a>.
+<br>
+It is written in C++ with portability in mind, and we actively maintain builds for Windows and Linux.
+</h4>

-It is written in C++ with portability in mind, with builds actively maintained for Windows and Linux. The emulator is capable of running several commercial games.
+<p align="center">
+    <a href="https://dev.azure.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/">
+        <img src="https://dev.azure.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/_apis/build/status/yuzu%20mainline?branchName=master"
+            alt="Azure Mainline CI Build Status">
+    </a>
+    <a href="https://discord.com/invite/u77vRWY">
+        <img src="https://img.shields.io/discord/398318088170242053?color=%237289DA&label=yuzu&logo=discord&logoColor=white"
+            alt="Discord">
+    </a>
+</p>

-yuzu only emulates a subset of Switch hardware and therefore most commercial games **do not** run at full speed or are not fully functional.
+<p align="center">
+  <a href="#compatibility">Compatibility</a> |
+  <a href="#development">Development</a> |
+  <a href="#building">Building</a> |
+  <a href="#download">Download</a> |
+  <a href="#support">Support</a> |
+  <a href="#license">License</a>
+</p>

-Do you want to check which games are compatible and which ones are not? Please visit our [Compatibility page](https://yuzu-emu.org/game/)!
+## Compatibility

-yuzu is licensed under the GPLv2 (or any later version). Refer to the license.txt file included.
+The emulator is capable of running most commercial games at full speed, provided you meet the [necessary hardware requirements](https://yuzu-emu.org/help/quickstart/#hardware-requirements).

-Check out our [website](https://yuzu-emu.org/)!
+For a full list of games yuzu support, please visit our [Compatibility page](https://yuzu-emu.org/game/) 

-For development discussion, please join us on [Discord](https://discord.com/invite/u77vRWY).
+Check out our [website](https://yuzu-emu.org/) for the latest news on exciting features, monthly progress reports, and more!

-### Development
+## Development

-Most of the development happens on GitHub. It's also where [our central repository](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu) is hosted.
+Most of the development happens on GitHub. It's also where [our central repository](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu) is hosted. For development discussion, please join us on [Discord](https://discord.com/invite/u77vRWY).

-If you want to contribute please take a look at the [Contributor's Guide](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/wiki/Contributing) and [Developer Information](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/wiki/Developer-Information). You should also contact any of the developers on Discord in order to know about the current state of the emulator.
+If you want to contribute, please take a look at the [Contributor's Guide](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/wiki/Contributing) and [Developer Information](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/wiki/Developer-Information). 
+You can also contact any of the developers on Discord in order to know about the current state of the emulator.

-If you want to contribute to the user interface translation, please check out the [yuzu project on transifex](https://www.transifex.com/yuzu-emulator/yuzu). We centralize translation work there, and periodically upstream translations.
+If you want to contribute to the user interface translation project, please check out the [yuzu project on transifex](https://www.transifex.com/yuzu-emulator/yuzu). We centralize translation work there, and periodically upstream translations.

-### Building
+## Building

 * __Windows__: [Windows Build](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/wiki/Building-For-Windows)
 * __Linux__: [Linux Build](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/wiki/Building-For-Linux)

+## Download

-### Support
-We happily accept monetary donations, or donated games and hardware. Please see our [donations page](https://yuzu-emu.org/donate/) for more information on how you can contribute to yuzu. Any donations received will go towards things like:
+You can download the latest releases automatically via the installer on our [downloads](https://yuzu-emu.org/downloads/) page.
+
+
+## Support
+
+If you enjoy the project and want to support us financially, check out our Patreon!
+
+<a href="https://www.patreon.com/yuzuteam">
+    <img src="https://c5.patreon.com/external/logo/become_a_patron_button@2x.png" width="160">
+</a>
+
+Any donations received will go towards things like:
 * Switch consoles to explore and reverse-engineer the hardware
 * Switch games for testing, reverse-engineering, and implementing new features
 * Web hosting and infrastructure setup
 * Software licenses (e.g. Visual Studio, IDA Pro, etc.)
 * Additional hardware (e.g. GPUs as-needed to improve rendering support, other peripherals to add support for, etc.)

-We also more than gladly accept used Switch consoles, preferably ones with firmware 3.0.0 or lower! If you would like to give yours away, don't hesitate to join our [Discord](https://discord.gg/VXqngT3) and talk to bunnei. You may also contact: donations@yuzu-emu.org.
+If you wish to support us a different way, please join our [Discord](https://discord.gg/u77vRWY) and talk to bunnei. You may also contact: donations@yuzu-emu.org.
+
+## License
+
+yuzu is licensed under the GPLv2 (or any later version). Refer to the [license.txt](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/blob/master/license.txt) file.
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ endif()
 # SDL2
 if (NOT SDL2_FOUND AND ENABLE_SDL2)
    if (NOT WIN32)
-        # Yuzu itself needs: Events Joystick Haptic Sensor Timers
+        # Yuzu itself needs: Events Joystick Haptic Sensor Timers Audio
        # Yuzu-cmd also needs: Video (depends on Loadso/Dlopen)
        set(SDL_UNUSED_SUBSYSTEMS
-            Atomic Audio Render Power Threads
+            Atomic Render Power Threads
            File CPUinfo Filesystem Locale)
        foreach(_SUB ${SDL_UNUSED_SUBSYSTEMS})
          string(TOUPPER ${_SUB} _OPT)
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ if (ENABLE_WEB_SERVICE)

    # httplib
    add_library(httplib INTERFACE)
-    target_include_directories(httplib INTERFACE ./httplib)
+    target_include_directories(httplib INTERFACE ./cpp-httplib)
    target_compile_definitions(httplib INTERFACE -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT)
    target_link_libraries(httplib INTERFACE ${OPENSSL_LIBRARIES})
    if (WIN32)
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-From https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/tree/ff5677ad197947177c158fe857caff4f0e242045 with https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/pull/701
-
-MIT License
-
-===
-
-cpp-httplib
-
-A C++11 header-only HTTP library.
-
-It's extremely easy to setup. Just include httplib.h file in your code!
-
-Inspired by Sinatra and express.
-
-© 2017 Yuji Hirose
@@ -1,10 +1,21 @@
-if (MINGW OR (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} MATCHES "Linux"))
+if (MINGW OR (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} MATCHES "Linux") OR APPLE)
    set(LIBUSB_FOUND ON CACHE BOOL "libusb is present" FORCE)
    set(LIBUSB_VERSION "1.0.24" CACHE STRING "libusb version string" FORCE)

    # GNU toolchains for some reason doesn't work with the later half of this CMakeLists after
    # updating to 1.0.24, so we do it the old-fashioned way for now.

+    # Require autoconf and libtoolize here, rather than crash during compilation
+    find_program(AUTOCONF autoconf)
+    if ("${AUTOCONF}" STREQUAL "AUTOCONF-NOTFOUND")
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "Required program `autoconf` not found.")
+    endif()
+
+    find_program(LIBTOOLIZE libtoolize)
+    if ("${LIBTOOLIZE}" STREQUAL "LIBTOOLIZE-NOTFOUND")
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "Required program `libtoolize` not found.")
+    endif()
+
    set(LIBUSB_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/libusb")
    set(LIBUSB_SRC_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/libusb")

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ add_library(audio_core STATIC
    voice_context.h

    $<$<BOOL:${ENABLE_CUBEB}>:cubeb_sink.cpp cubeb_sink.h>
+    $<$<BOOL:${ENABLE_SDL2}>:sdl2_sink.cpp sdl2_sink.h>
 )

 create_target_directory_groups(audio_core)
@@ -71,3 +72,7 @@ if(ENABLE_CUBEB)
    target_link_libraries(audio_core PRIVATE cubeb)
    target_compile_definitions(audio_core PRIVATE -DHAVE_CUBEB=1)
 endif()
+if(ENABLE_SDL2)
+    target_link_libraries(audio_core PRIVATE SDL2)
+    target_compile_definitions(audio_core PRIVATE HAVE_SDL2)
+endif()
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ constexpr ResultCode ERR_INVALID_PARAMETERS{ErrorModule::Audio, 41};
 constexpr ResultCode ERR_SPLITTER_SORT_FAILED{ErrorModule::Audio, 43};
 } // namespace Audren

-constexpr u32_le CURRENT_PROCESS_REVISION = Common::MakeMagic('R', 'E', 'V', '8');
+constexpr u32_le CURRENT_PROCESS_REVISION = Common::MakeMagic('R', 'E', 'V', '9');
 constexpr std::size_t MAX_MIX_BUFFERS = 24;
 constexpr std::size_t MAX_BIQUAD_FILTERS = 2;
 constexpr std::size_t MAX_CHANNEL_COUNT = 6;
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+// Copyright 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <cstring>
+#include "audio_core/sdl2_sink.h"
+#include "audio_core/stream.h"
+#include "audio_core/time_stretch.h"
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/logging/log.h"
+//#include "common/settings.h"
+
+// Ignore -Wimplicit-fallthrough due to https://github.com/libsdl-org/SDL/issues/4307
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wimplicit-fallthrough"
+#endif
+#include <SDL.h>
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+namespace AudioCore {
+
+class SDLSinkStream final : public SinkStream {
+public:
+    SDLSinkStream(u32 sample_rate, u32 num_channels_, const std::string& output_device)
+        : num_channels{std::min(num_channels_, 6u)}, time_stretch{sample_rate, num_channels} {
+
+        SDL_AudioSpec spec;
+        spec.freq = sample_rate;
+        spec.channels = static_cast<u8>(num_channels);
+        spec.format = AUDIO_S16SYS;
+        spec.samples = 4096;
+        spec.callback = nullptr;
+
+        SDL_AudioSpec obtained;
+        if (output_device.empty()) {
+            dev = SDL_OpenAudioDevice(nullptr, 0, &spec, &obtained, 0);
+        } else {
+            dev = SDL_OpenAudioDevice(output_device.c_str(), 0, &spec, &obtained, 0);
+        }
+
+        if (dev == 0) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Audio_Sink, "Error opening sdl audio device: {}", SDL_GetError());
+            return;
+        }
+
+        SDL_PauseAudioDevice(dev, 0);
+    }
+
+    ~SDLSinkStream() override {
+        if (dev == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        SDL_CloseAudioDevice(dev);
+    }
+
+    void EnqueueSamples(u32 source_num_channels, const std::vector<s16>& samples) override {
+        if (source_num_channels > num_channels) {
+            // Downsample 6 channels to 2
+            ASSERT_MSG(source_num_channels == 6, "Channel count must be 6");
+
+            std::vector<s16> buf;
+            buf.reserve(samples.size() * num_channels / source_num_channels);
+            for (std::size_t i = 0; i < samples.size(); i += source_num_channels) {
+                // Downmixing implementation taken from the ATSC standard
+                const s16 left{samples[i + 0]};
+                const s16 right{samples[i + 1]};
+                const s16 center{samples[i + 2]};
+                const s16 surround_left{samples[i + 4]};
+                const s16 surround_right{samples[i + 5]};
+                // Not used in the ATSC reference implementation
+                [[maybe_unused]] const s16 low_frequency_effects{samples[i + 3]};
+
+                constexpr s32 clev{707}; // center mixing level coefficient
+                constexpr s32 slev{707}; // surround mixing level coefficient
+
+                buf.push_back(static_cast<s16>(left + (clev * center / 1000) +
+                                               (slev * surround_left / 1000)));
+                buf.push_back(static_cast<s16>(right + (clev * center / 1000) +
+                                               (slev * surround_right / 1000)));
+            }
+            int ret = SDL_QueueAudio(dev, static_cast<const void*>(buf.data()),
+                                     static_cast<u32>(buf.size() * sizeof(s16)));
+            if (ret < 0)
+                LOG_WARNING(Audio_Sink, "Could not queue audio buffer: {}", SDL_GetError());
+            return;
+        }
+
+        int ret = SDL_QueueAudio(dev, static_cast<const void*>(samples.data()),
+                                 static_cast<u32>(samples.size() * sizeof(s16)));
+        if (ret < 0)
+            LOG_WARNING(Audio_Sink, "Could not queue audio buffer: {}", SDL_GetError());
+    }
+
+    std::size_t SamplesInQueue(u32 channel_count) const override {
+        if (dev == 0)
+            return 0;
+
+        return SDL_GetQueuedAudioSize(dev) / (channel_count * sizeof(s16));
+    }
+
+    void Flush() override {
+        should_flush = true;
+    }
+
+    u32 GetNumChannels() const {
+        return num_channels;
+    }
+
+private:
+    SDL_AudioDeviceID dev = 0;
+    u32 num_channels{};
+    std::atomic<bool> should_flush{};
+    TimeStretcher time_stretch;
+};
+
+SDLSink::SDLSink(std::string_view target_device_name) {
+    if (!SDL_WasInit(SDL_INIT_AUDIO)) {
+        if (SDL_InitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_AUDIO) < 0) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Audio_Sink, "SDL_InitSubSystem audio failed: {}", SDL_GetError());
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (target_device_name != auto_device_name && !target_device_name.empty()) {
+        output_device = target_device_name;
+    } else {
+        output_device.clear();
+    }
+}
+
+SDLSink::~SDLSink() = default;
+
+SinkStream& SDLSink::AcquireSinkStream(u32 sample_rate, u32 num_channels, const std::string&) {
+    sink_streams.push_back(
+        std::make_unique<SDLSinkStream>(sample_rate, num_channels, output_device));
+    return *sink_streams.back();
+}
+
+std::vector<std::string> ListSDLSinkDevices() {
+    std::vector<std::string> device_list;
+
+    if (!SDL_WasInit(SDL_INIT_AUDIO)) {
+        if (SDL_InitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_AUDIO) < 0) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Audio_Sink, "SDL_InitSubSystem audio failed: {}", SDL_GetError());
+            return {};
+        }
+    }
+
+    const int device_count = SDL_GetNumAudioDevices(0);
+    for (int i = 0; i < device_count; ++i) {
+        device_list.emplace_back(SDL_GetAudioDeviceName(i, 0));
+    }
+
+    return device_list;
+}
+
+} // namespace AudioCore
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// Copyright 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "audio_core/sink.h"
+
+namespace AudioCore {
+
+class SDLSink final : public Sink {
+public:
+    explicit SDLSink(std::string_view device_id);
+    ~SDLSink() override;
+
+    SinkStream& AcquireSinkStream(u32 sample_rate, u32 num_channels,
+                                  const std::string& name) override;
+
+private:
+    std::string output_device;
+    std::vector<SinkStreamPtr> sink_streams;
+};
+
+std::vector<std::string> ListSDLSinkDevices();
+
+} // namespace AudioCore
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@

 #pragma once

+#include <array>
+#include <vector>
 #include "audio_core/common.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@
 #ifdef HAVE_CUBEB
 #include "audio_core/cubeb_sink.h"
 #endif
+#ifdef HAVE_SDL2
+#include "audio_core/sdl2_sink.h"
+#endif
 #include "common/logging/log.h"

 namespace AudioCore {
@@ -35,6 +38,13 @@ constexpr SinkDetails sink_details[] = {
                    return std::make_unique<CubebSink>(device_id);
                },
                &ListCubebSinkDevices},
+#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_SDL2
+    SinkDetails{"sdl2",
+                [](std::string_view device_id) -> std::unique_ptr<Sink> {
+                    return std::make_unique<SDLSink>(device_id);
+                },
+                &ListSDLSinkDevices},
 #endif
    SinkDetails{"null",
                [](std::string_view device_id) -> std::unique_ptr<Sink> {
@@ -107,9 +107,12 @@ void Stream::PlayNextBuffer(std::chrono::nanoseconds ns_late) {
    active_buffer = queued_buffers.front();
    queued_buffers.pop();

-    VolumeAdjustSamples(active_buffer->GetSamples(), game_volume);
+    auto& samples = active_buffer->GetSamples();

-    sink_stream.EnqueueSamples(GetNumChannels(), active_buffer->GetSamples());
+    VolumeAdjustSamples(samples, game_volume);
+
+    sink_stream.EnqueueSamples(GetNumChannels(), samples);
+    played_samples += samples.size();

    const auto buffer_release_ns = GetBufferReleaseNS(*active_buffer);

@@ -89,6 +89,11 @@ public:
        return sample_rate;
    }

+    /// Gets the number of samples played so far
+    [[nodiscard]] u64 GetPlayedSampleCount() const {
+        return played_samples;
+    }
+
    /// Gets the number of channels
    [[nodiscard]] u32 GetNumChannels() const;

@@ -106,6 +111,7 @@ private:
    [[nodiscard]] std::chrono::nanoseconds GetBufferReleaseNS(const Buffer& buffer) const;

    u32 sample_rate;                  ///< Sample rate of the stream
+    u64 played_samples{};             ///< The current played sample count
    Format format;                    ///< Format of the stream
    float game_volume = 1.0f;         ///< The volume the game currently has set
    ReleaseCallback release_callback; ///< Buffer release callback for the stream
@@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ add_library(common STATIC
    cityhash.cpp
    cityhash.h
    common_funcs.h
-    common_sizes.h
    common_types.h
    concepts.h
    div_ceil.h
@@ -134,6 +133,7 @@ add_library(common STATIC
    host_memory.cpp
    host_memory.h
    intrusive_red_black_tree.h
+    literals.h
    logging/backend.cpp
    logging/backend.h
    logging/filter.cpp
@@ -141,6 +141,7 @@ add_library(common STATIC
    logging/log.h
    logging/text_formatter.cpp
    logging/text_formatter.h
+    logging/types.h
    lz4_compression.cpp
    lz4_compression.h
    math_util.h
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
-// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
-// Refer to the license.txt file included.
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include <limits>
-
-#include "common/common_types.h"
-
-namespace Common {
-
-enum : u64 {
-    Size_1_KB = 0x400ULL,
-    Size_64_KB = 64ULL * Size_1_KB,
-    Size_128_KB = 128ULL * Size_1_KB,
-    Size_1_MB = 0x100000ULL,
-    Size_2_MB = 2ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_4_MB = 4ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_5_MB = 5ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_14_MB = 14ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_32_MB = 32ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_33_MB = 33ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_128_MB = 128ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_448_MB = 448ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_507_MB = 507ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_562_MB = 562ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_1554_MB = 1554ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_2048_MB = 2048ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_2193_MB = 2193ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_3285_MB = 3285ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_4916_MB = 4916ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_1_GB = 0x40000000ULL,
-    Size_2_GB = 2ULL * Size_1_GB,
-    Size_4_GB = 4ULL * Size_1_GB,
-    Size_6_GB = 6ULL * Size_1_GB,
-    Size_8_GB = 8ULL * Size_1_GB,
-    Size_64_GB = 64ULL * Size_1_GB,
-    Size_512_GB = 512ULL * Size_1_GB,
-    Size_Invalid = std::numeric_limits<u64>::max(),
-};
-
-} // namespace Common
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ void DetachedTasks::WaitForAllTasks() {
 }

 DetachedTasks::~DetachedTasks() {
+    WaitForAllTasks();
+
    std::unique_lock lock{mutex};
    ASSERT(count == 0);
    instance = nullptr;
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ std::string ReadStringFromFile(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileType type)

 size_t WriteStringToFile(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileType type,
                         std::string_view string) {
-    if (!IsFile(path)) {
+    if (Exists(path) && !IsFile(path)) {
        return 0;
    }

@@ -183,11 +183,7 @@ size_t WriteStringToFile(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileType type,

 size_t AppendStringToFile(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileType type,
                          std::string_view string) {
-    if (!Exists(path)) {
-        return WriteStringToFile(path, type, string);
-    }
-
-    if (!IsFile(path)) {
+    if (Exists(path) && !IsFile(path)) {
        return 0;
    }

@@ -309,7 +305,11 @@ bool IOFile::Flush() const {

    errno = 0;

-    const auto flush_result = std::fflush(file) == 0;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    const auto flush_result = std::fflush(file) == 0 && _commit(fileno(file)) == 0;
+#else
+    const auto flush_result = std::fflush(file) == 0 && fsync(fileno(file)) == 0;
+#endif

    if (!flush_result) {
        const auto ec = std::error_code{errno, std::generic_category()};
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ void OpenFileStream(FileStream& file_stream, const Path& path, std::ios_base::op

 /**
 * Reads an entire file at path and returns a string of the contents read from the file.
- * If the filesystem object at path is not a file, this function returns an empty string.
+ * If the filesystem object at path is not a regular file, this function returns an empty string.
 *
 * @param path Filesystem path
 * @param type File type
@@ -71,8 +71,9 @@ template <typename Path>

 /**
 * Writes a string to a file at path and returns the number of characters successfully written.
- * If an file already exists at path, its contents will be erased.
- * If the filesystem object at path is not a file, this function returns 0.
+ * If a file already exists at path, its contents will be erased.
+ * If a file does not exist at path, it creates and opens a new empty file for writing.
+ * If the filesystem object at path exists and is not a regular file, this function returns 0.
 *
 * @param path Filesystem path
 * @param type File type
@@ -95,8 +96,8 @@ template <typename Path>

 /**
 * Appends a string to a file at path and returns the number of characters successfully written.
- * If a file does not exist at path, WriteStringToFile is called instead.
- * If the filesystem object at path is not a file, this function returns 0.
+ * If a file does not exist at path, it creates and opens a new empty file for appending.
+ * If the filesystem object at path exists and is not a regular file, this function returns 0.
 *
 * @param path Filesystem path
 * @param type File type
@@ -395,11 +396,11 @@ public:
    [[nodiscard]] size_t WriteString(std::span<const char> string) const;

    /**
-     * Flushes any unwritten buffered data into the file.
+     * Attempts to flush any unwritten buffered data into the file and flush the file into the disk.
     *
     * @returns True if the flush was successful, false otherwise.
     */
-    [[nodiscard]] bool Flush() const;
+    bool Flush() const;

    /**
     * Resizes the file to a given size.
@@ -135,8 +135,9 @@ std::shared_ptr<IOFile> FileOpen(const fs::path& path, FileAccessMode mode, File
        return nullptr;
    }

-    if (!IsFile(path)) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Filesystem object at path={} is not a file",
+    if (Exists(path) && !IsFile(path)) {
+        LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem,
+                  "Filesystem object at path={} exists and is not a regular file",
                  PathToUTF8String(path));
        return nullptr;
    }
@@ -321,7 +322,8 @@ bool RemoveDirContentsRecursively(const fs::path& path) {

    std::error_code ec;

-    for (const auto& entry : fs::recursive_directory_iterator(path, ec)) {
+    // TODO (Morph): Replace this with recursive_directory_iterator once it's fixed in MSVC.
+    for (const auto& entry : fs::directory_iterator(path, ec)) {
        if (ec) {
            LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem,
                      "Failed to completely enumerate the directory at path={}, ec_message={}",
@@ -337,6 +339,12 @@ bool RemoveDirContentsRecursively(const fs::path& path) {
                      PathToUTF8String(entry.path()), ec.message());
            break;
        }
+
+        // TODO (Morph): Remove this when MSVC fixes recursive_directory_iterator.
+        // recursive_directory_iterator throws an exception despite passing in a std::error_code.
+        if (entry.status().type() == fs::file_type::directory) {
+            return RemoveDirContentsRecursively(entry.path());
+        }
    }

    if (ec) {
@@ -475,7 +483,8 @@ void IterateDirEntriesRecursively(const std::filesystem::path& path,

    std::error_code ec;

-    for (const auto& entry : fs::recursive_directory_iterator(path, ec)) {
+    // TODO (Morph): Replace this with recursive_directory_iterator once it's fixed in MSVC.
+    for (const auto& entry : fs::directory_iterator(path, ec)) {
        if (ec) {
            break;
        }
@@ -495,6 +504,12 @@ void IterateDirEntriesRecursively(const std::filesystem::path& path,
                break;
            }
        }
+
+        // TODO (Morph): Remove this when MSVC fixes recursive_directory_iterator.
+        // recursive_directory_iterator throws an exception despite passing in a std::error_code.
+        if (entry.status().type() == fs::file_type::directory) {
+            IterateDirEntriesRecursively(entry.path(), callback, filter);
+        }
    }

    if (callback_error || ec) {
@@ -48,18 +48,18 @@ template <typename Path>
 *
 * Failures occur when:
 * - Input path is not valid
- * - Filesystem object at path is not a file
+ * - Filesystem object at path is not a regular file
 * - Filesystem at path is read only
 *
 * @param path Filesystem path
 *
 * @returns True if file removal succeeds or file does not exist, false otherwise.
 */
-[[nodiscard]] bool RemoveFile(const std::filesystem::path& path);
+bool RemoveFile(const std::filesystem::path& path);

 #ifdef _WIN32
 template <typename Path>
-[[nodiscard]] bool RemoveFile(const Path& path) {
+bool RemoveFile(const Path& path) {
    if constexpr (IsChar<typename Path::value_type>) {
        return RemoveFile(ToU8String(path));
    } else {
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ template <typename Path>
 * Failures occur when:
 * - One or both input path(s) is not valid
 * - Filesystem object at old_path does not exist
- * - Filesystem object at old_path is not a file
+ * - Filesystem object at old_path is not a regular file
 * - Filesystem object at new_path exists
 * - Filesystem at either path is read only
 *
@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ template <typename Path1, typename Path2>
 *
 * Failures occur when:
 * - Input path is not valid
- * - Filesystem object at path is not a file
- * - The file is not opened
+ * - Filesystem object at path exists and is not a regular file
+ * - The file is not open
 *
 * @param path Filesystem path
 * @param mode File access mode
@@ -251,11 +251,11 @@ template <typename Path>
 *
 * @returns True if directory removal succeeds or directory does not exist, false otherwise.
 */
-[[nodiscard]] bool RemoveDir(const std::filesystem::path& path);
+bool RemoveDir(const std::filesystem::path& path);

 #ifdef _WIN32
 template <typename Path>
-[[nodiscard]] bool RemoveDir(const Path& path) {
+bool RemoveDir(const Path& path) {
    if constexpr (IsChar<typename Path::value_type>) {
        return RemoveDir(ToU8String(path));
    } else {
@@ -276,11 +276,11 @@ template <typename Path>
 *
 * @returns True if the directory and all of its contents are removed successfully, false otherwise.
 */
-[[nodiscard]] bool RemoveDirRecursively(const std::filesystem::path& path);
+bool RemoveDirRecursively(const std::filesystem::path& path);

 #ifdef _WIN32
 template <typename Path>
-[[nodiscard]] bool RemoveDirRecursively(const Path& path) {
+bool RemoveDirRecursively(const Path& path) {
    if constexpr (IsChar<typename Path::value_type>) {
        return RemoveDirRecursively(ToU8String(path));
    } else {
@@ -301,11 +301,11 @@ template <typename Path>
 *
 * @returns True if all of the directory's contents are removed successfully, false otherwise.
 */
-[[nodiscard]] bool RemoveDirContentsRecursively(const std::filesystem::path& path);
+bool RemoveDirContentsRecursively(const std::filesystem::path& path);

 #ifdef _WIN32
 template <typename Path>
-[[nodiscard]] bool RemoveDirContentsRecursively(const Path& path) {
+bool RemoveDirContentsRecursively(const Path& path) {
    if constexpr (IsChar<typename Path::value_type>) {
        return RemoveDirContentsRecursively(ToU8String(path));
    } else {
@@ -435,11 +435,13 @@ template <typename Path>
 #endif

 /**
- * Returns whether a filesystem object at path is a file.
+ * Returns whether a filesystem object at path is a regular file.
+ * A regular file is a file that stores text or binary data.
+ * It is not a directory, symlink, FIFO, socket, block device, or character device.
 *
 * @param path Filesystem path
 *
- * @returns True if a filesystem object at path is a file, false otherwise.
+ * @returns True if a filesystem object at path is a regular file, false otherwise.
 */
 [[nodiscard]] bool IsFile(const std::filesystem::path& path);

@@ -53,8 +53,9 @@ template <typename ContiguousContainer>
    std::string out;
    out.reserve(std::size(data) * pad_width);

+    const auto format_str = fmt::runtime(upper ? "{:02X}" : "{:02x}");
    for (const u8 c : data) {
-        out += fmt::format(upper ? "{:02X}" : "{:02x}", c);
+        out += fmt::format(format_str, c);
    }

    return out;
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ constexpr size_t HugePageSize = 0x200000;

 // Manually imported for MinGW compatibility
 #ifndef MEM_RESERVE_PLACEHOLDER
-#define MEM_RESERVE_PLACEHOLDER 0x0004000
+#define MEM_RESERVE_PLACEHOLDER 0x00040000
 #endif
 #ifndef MEM_REPLACE_PLACEHOLDER
 #define MEM_REPLACE_PLACEHOLDER 0x00004000
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// Copyright 2021 yuzu emulator team
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace Common::Literals {
+
+constexpr u64 operator""_KiB(unsigned long long int x) {
+    return 1024ULL * x;
+}
+
+constexpr u64 operator""_MiB(unsigned long long int x) {
+    return 1024_KiB * x;
+}
+
+constexpr u64 operator""_GiB(unsigned long long int x) {
+    return 1024_MiB * x;
+}
+
+constexpr u64 operator""_TiB(unsigned long long int x) {
+    return 1024_GiB * x;
+}
+
+constexpr u64 operator""_PiB(unsigned long long int x) {
+    return 1024_TiB * x;
+}
+
+} // namespace Common::Literals
@@ -17,7 +17,10 @@
 #endif

 #include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/fs/file.h"
 #include "common/fs/fs.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
+
 #include "common/logging/backend.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/logging/text_formatter.h"
@@ -97,8 +100,8 @@ private:
                write_logs(entry);
            }

-            // Drain the logging queue. Only writes out up to MAX_LOGS_TO_WRITE to prevent a case
-            // where a system is repeatedly spamming logs even on close.
+            // Drain the logging queue. Only writes out up to MAX_LOGS_TO_WRITE to prevent a
+            // case where a system is repeatedly spamming logs even on close.
            const int MAX_LOGS_TO_WRITE = filter.IsDebug() ? INT_MAX : 100;
            int logs_written = 0;
            while (logs_written++ < MAX_LOGS_TO_WRITE && message_queue.Pop(entry)) {
@@ -140,10 +143,14 @@ private:
    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point time_origin{std::chrono::steady_clock::now()};
 };

+ConsoleBackend::~ConsoleBackend() = default;
+
 void ConsoleBackend::Write(const Entry& entry) {
    PrintMessage(entry);
 }

+ColorConsoleBackend::~ColorConsoleBackend() = default;
+
 void ColorConsoleBackend::Write(const Entry& entry) {
    PrintColoredMessage(entry);
 }
@@ -154,19 +161,23 @@ FileBackend::FileBackend(const std::filesystem::path& filename) {

    // Existence checks are done within the functions themselves.
    // We don't particularly care if these succeed or not.
-    void(FS::RemoveFile(old_filename));
+    FS::RemoveFile(old_filename);
    void(FS::RenameFile(filename, old_filename));

-    file = FS::IOFile(filename, FS::FileAccessMode::Write, FS::FileType::TextFile);
+    file =
+        std::make_unique<FS::IOFile>(filename, FS::FileAccessMode::Write, FS::FileType::TextFile);
 }

+FileBackend::~FileBackend() = default;
+
 void FileBackend::Write(const Entry& entry) {
+    using namespace Common::Literals;
    // prevent logs from going over the maximum size (in case its spamming and the user doesn't
    // know)
-    constexpr std::size_t MAX_BYTES_WRITTEN = 100 * 1024 * 1024;
-    constexpr std::size_t MAX_BYTES_WRITTEN_EXTENDED = 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
+    constexpr std::size_t MAX_BYTES_WRITTEN = 100_MiB;
+    constexpr std::size_t MAX_BYTES_WRITTEN_EXTENDED = 1_GiB;

-    if (!file.IsOpen()) {
+    if (!file->IsOpen()) {
        return;
    }

@@ -176,147 +187,20 @@ void FileBackend::Write(const Entry& entry) {
        return;
    }

-    bytes_written += file.WriteString(FormatLogMessage(entry).append(1, '\n'));
+    bytes_written += file->WriteString(FormatLogMessage(entry).append(1, '\n'));
    if (entry.log_level >= Level::Error) {
-        void(file.Flush());
+        file->Flush();
    }
 }

+DebuggerBackend::~DebuggerBackend() = default;
+
 void DebuggerBackend::Write(const Entry& entry) {
 #ifdef _WIN32
    ::OutputDebugStringW(UTF8ToUTF16W(FormatLogMessage(entry).append(1, '\n')).c_str());
 #endif
 }

-/// Macro listing all log classes. Code should define CLS and SUB as desired before invoking this.
-#define ALL_LOG_CLASSES()                                                                          \
-    CLS(Log)                                                                                       \
-    CLS(Common)                                                                                    \
-    SUB(Common, Filesystem)                                                                        \
-    SUB(Common, Memory)                                                                            \
-    CLS(Core)                                                                                      \
-    SUB(Core, ARM)                                                                                 \
-    SUB(Core, Timing)                                                                              \
-    CLS(Config)                                                                                    \
-    CLS(Debug)                                                                                     \
-    SUB(Debug, Emulated)                                                                           \
-    SUB(Debug, GPU)                                                                                \
-    SUB(Debug, Breakpoint)                                                                         \
-    SUB(Debug, GDBStub)                                                                            \
-    CLS(Kernel)                                                                                    \
-    SUB(Kernel, SVC)                                                                               \
-    CLS(Service)                                                                                   \
-    SUB(Service, ACC)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, Audio)                                                                            \
-    SUB(Service, AM)                                                                               \
-    SUB(Service, AOC)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, APM)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, ARP)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, BCAT)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, BPC)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, BGTC)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, BTDRV)                                                                            \
-    SUB(Service, BTM)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, Capture)                                                                          \
-    SUB(Service, ERPT)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, ETicket)                                                                          \
-    SUB(Service, EUPLD)                                                                            \
-    SUB(Service, Fatal)                                                                            \
-    SUB(Service, FGM)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, Friend)                                                                           \
-    SUB(Service, FS)                                                                               \
-    SUB(Service, GRC)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, HID)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, IRS)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, LBL)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, LDN)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, LDR)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, LM)                                                                               \
-    SUB(Service, Migration)                                                                        \
-    SUB(Service, Mii)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, MM)                                                                               \
-    SUB(Service, NCM)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, NFC)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, NFP)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, NIFM)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, NIM)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, NPNS)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, NS)                                                                               \
-    SUB(Service, NVDRV)                                                                            \
-    SUB(Service, OLSC)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, PCIE)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, PCTL)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, PCV)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, PM)                                                                               \
-    SUB(Service, PREPO)                                                                            \
-    SUB(Service, PSC)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, PSM)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, SET)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, SM)                                                                               \
-    SUB(Service, SPL)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, SSL)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, TCAP)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, Time)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, USB)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, VI)                                                                               \
-    SUB(Service, WLAN)                                                                             \
-    CLS(HW)                                                                                        \
-    SUB(HW, Memory)                                                                                \
-    SUB(HW, LCD)                                                                                   \
-    SUB(HW, GPU)                                                                                   \
-    SUB(HW, AES)                                                                                   \
-    CLS(IPC)                                                                                       \
-    CLS(Frontend)                                                                                  \
-    CLS(Render)                                                                                    \
-    SUB(Render, Software)                                                                          \
-    SUB(Render, OpenGL)                                                                            \
-    SUB(Render, Vulkan)                                                                            \
-    CLS(Audio)                                                                                     \
-    SUB(Audio, DSP)                                                                                \
-    SUB(Audio, Sink)                                                                               \
-    CLS(Input)                                                                                     \
-    CLS(Network)                                                                                   \
-    CLS(Loader)                                                                                    \
-    CLS(CheatEngine)                                                                               \
-    CLS(Crypto)                                                                                    \
-    CLS(WebService)
-
-// GetClassName is a macro defined by Windows.h, grrr...
-const char* GetLogClassName(Class log_class) {
-    switch (log_class) {
-#define CLS(x)                                                                                     \
-    case Class::x:                                                                                 \
-        return #x;
-#define SUB(x, y)                                                                                  \
-    case Class::x##_##y:                                                                           \
-        return #x "." #y;
-        ALL_LOG_CLASSES()
-#undef CLS
-#undef SUB
-    case Class::Count:
-        break;
-    }
-    return "Invalid";
-}
-
-const char* GetLevelName(Level log_level) {
-#define LVL(x)                                                                                     \
-    case Level::x:                                                                                 \
-        return #x
-    switch (log_level) {
-        LVL(Trace);
-        LVL(Debug);
-        LVL(Info);
-        LVL(Warning);
-        LVL(Error);
-        LVL(Critical);
-    case Level::Count:
-        break;
-    }
-#undef LVL
-    return "Invalid";
-}
-
 void SetGlobalFilter(const Filter& filter) {
    Impl::Instance().SetGlobalFilter(filter);
 }
@@ -1,36 +1,24 @@
 // Copyright 2014 Citra Emulator Project
 // Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
 #pragma once

-#include <chrono>
 #include <filesystem>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 #include <string_view>
-#include "common/fs/file.h"
 #include "common/logging/filter.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"

+namespace Common::FS {
+class IOFile;
+}
+
 namespace Common::Log {

 class Filter;

-/**
- * A log entry. Log entries are store in a structured format to permit more varied output
- * formatting on different frontends, as well as facilitating filtering and aggregation.
- */
-struct Entry {
-    std::chrono::microseconds timestamp;
-    Class log_class{};
-    Level log_level{};
-    const char* filename = nullptr;
-    unsigned int line_num = 0;
-    std::string function;
-    std::string message;
-    bool final_entry = false;
-};
-
 /**
 * Interface for logging backends. As loggers can be created and removed at runtime, this can be
 * used by a frontend for adding a custom logging backend as needed
@@ -38,6 +26,7 @@ struct Entry {
 class Backend {
 public:
    virtual ~Backend() = default;
+
    virtual void SetFilter(const Filter& new_filter) {
        filter = new_filter;
    }
@@ -53,6 +42,8 @@ private:
 */
 class ConsoleBackend : public Backend {
 public:
+    ~ConsoleBackend() override;
+
    static const char* Name() {
        return "console";
    }
@@ -67,6 +58,8 @@ public:
 */
 class ColorConsoleBackend : public Backend {
 public:
+    ~ColorConsoleBackend() override;
+
    static const char* Name() {
        return "color_console";
    }
@@ -83,6 +76,7 @@ public:
 class FileBackend : public Backend {
 public:
    explicit FileBackend(const std::filesystem::path& filename);
+    ~FileBackend() override;

    static const char* Name() {
        return "file";
@@ -95,7 +89,7 @@ public:
    void Write(const Entry& entry) override;

 private:
-    FS::IOFile file;
+    std::unique_ptr<FS::IOFile> file;
    std::size_t bytes_written = 0;
 };

@@ -104,6 +98,8 @@ private:
 */
 class DebuggerBackend : public Backend {
 public:
+    ~DebuggerBackend() override;
+
    static const char* Name() {
        return "debugger";
    }
@@ -119,17 +115,6 @@ void RemoveBackend(std::string_view backend_name);

 Backend* GetBackend(std::string_view backend_name);

-/**
- * Returns the name of the passed log class as a C-string. Subclasses are separated by periods
- * instead of underscores as in the enumeration.
- */
-const char* GetLogClassName(Class log_class);
-
-/**
- * Returns the name of the passed log level as a C-string.
- */
-const char* GetLevelName(Level log_level);
-
 /**
 * The global filter will prevent any messages from even being processed if they are filtered. Each
 * backend can have a filter, but if the level is lower than the global filter, the backend will
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.

 #include <algorithm>
-#include "common/logging/backend.h"
 #include "common/logging/filter.h"
 #include "common/string_util.h"

@@ -22,7 +21,7 @@ Level GetLevelByName(const It begin, const It end) {

 template <typename It>
 Class GetClassByName(const It begin, const It end) {
-    for (ClassType i = 0; i < static_cast<ClassType>(Class::Count); ++i) {
+    for (u8 i = 0; i < static_cast<u8>(Class::Count); ++i) {
        const char* level_name = GetLogClassName(static_cast<Class>(i));
        if (Common::ComparePartialString(begin, end, level_name)) {
            return static_cast<Class>(i);
@@ -62,6 +61,135 @@ bool ParseFilterRule(Filter& instance, Iterator begin, Iterator end) {
 }
 } // Anonymous namespace

+/// Macro listing all log classes. Code should define CLS and SUB as desired before invoking this.
+#define ALL_LOG_CLASSES()                                                                          \
+    CLS(Log)                                                                                       \
+    CLS(Common)                                                                                    \
+    SUB(Common, Filesystem)                                                                        \
+    SUB(Common, Memory)                                                                            \
+    CLS(Core)                                                                                      \
+    SUB(Core, ARM)                                                                                 \
+    SUB(Core, Timing)                                                                              \
+    CLS(Config)                                                                                    \
+    CLS(Debug)                                                                                     \
+    SUB(Debug, Emulated)                                                                           \
+    SUB(Debug, GPU)                                                                                \
+    SUB(Debug, Breakpoint)                                                                         \
+    SUB(Debug, GDBStub)                                                                            \
+    CLS(Kernel)                                                                                    \
+    SUB(Kernel, SVC)                                                                               \
+    CLS(Service)                                                                                   \
+    SUB(Service, ACC)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, Audio)                                                                            \
+    SUB(Service, AM)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, AOC)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, APM)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, ARP)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, BCAT)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, BPC)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, BGTC)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, BTDRV)                                                                            \
+    SUB(Service, BTM)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, Capture)                                                                          \
+    SUB(Service, ERPT)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, ETicket)                                                                          \
+    SUB(Service, EUPLD)                                                                            \
+    SUB(Service, Fatal)                                                                            \
+    SUB(Service, FGM)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, Friend)                                                                           \
+    SUB(Service, FS)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, GRC)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, HID)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, IRS)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, LBL)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, LDN)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, LDR)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, LM)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, Migration)                                                                        \
+    SUB(Service, Mii)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, MM)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, NCM)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, NFC)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, NFP)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, NIFM)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, NIM)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, NPNS)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, NS)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, NVDRV)                                                                            \
+    SUB(Service, OLSC)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, PCIE)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, PCTL)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, PCV)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, PM)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, PREPO)                                                                            \
+    SUB(Service, PSC)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, PSM)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, SET)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, SM)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, SPL)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, SSL)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, TCAP)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, Time)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, USB)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, VI)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, WLAN)                                                                             \
+    CLS(HW)                                                                                        \
+    SUB(HW, Memory)                                                                                \
+    SUB(HW, LCD)                                                                                   \
+    SUB(HW, GPU)                                                                                   \
+    SUB(HW, AES)                                                                                   \
+    CLS(IPC)                                                                                       \
+    CLS(Frontend)                                                                                  \
+    CLS(Render)                                                                                    \
+    SUB(Render, Software)                                                                          \
+    SUB(Render, OpenGL)                                                                            \
+    SUB(Render, Vulkan)                                                                            \
+    CLS(Audio)                                                                                     \
+    SUB(Audio, DSP)                                                                                \
+    SUB(Audio, Sink)                                                                               \
+    CLS(Input)                                                                                     \
+    CLS(Network)                                                                                   \
+    CLS(Loader)                                                                                    \
+    CLS(CheatEngine)                                                                               \
+    CLS(Crypto)                                                                                    \
+    CLS(WebService)
+
+// GetClassName is a macro defined by Windows.h, grrr...
+const char* GetLogClassName(Class log_class) {
+    switch (log_class) {
+#define CLS(x)                                                                                     \
+    case Class::x:                                                                                 \
+        return #x;
+#define SUB(x, y)                                                                                  \
+    case Class::x##_##y:                                                                           \
+        return #x "." #y;
+        ALL_LOG_CLASSES()
+#undef CLS
+#undef SUB
+    case Class::Count:
+        break;
+    }
+    return "Invalid";
+}
+
+const char* GetLevelName(Level log_level) {
+#define LVL(x)                                                                                     \
+    case Level::x:                                                                                 \
+        return #x
+    switch (log_level) {
+        LVL(Trace);
+        LVL(Debug);
+        LVL(Info);
+        LVL(Warning);
+        LVL(Error);
+        LVL(Critical);
+    case Level::Count:
+        break;
+    }
+#undef LVL
+    return "Invalid";
+}
+
 Filter::Filter(Level default_level) {
    ResetAll(default_level);
 }
@@ -5,12 +5,24 @@
 #pragma once

 #include <array>
+#include <chrono>
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <string_view>
 #include "common/logging/log.h"

 namespace Common::Log {

+/**
+ * Returns the name of the passed log class as a C-string. Subclasses are separated by periods
+ * instead of underscores as in the enumeration.
+ */
+const char* GetLogClassName(Class log_class);
+
+/**
+ * Returns the name of the passed log level as a C-string.
+ */
+const char* GetLevelName(Level log_level);
+
 /**
 * Implements a log message filter which allows different log classes to have different minimum
 * severity levels. The filter can be changed at runtime and can be parsed from a string to allow
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #pragma once

 #include <fmt/format.h>
-#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/logging/types.h"

 namespace Common::Log {

@@ -18,124 +18,6 @@ constexpr const char* TrimSourcePath(std::string_view source) {
    return source.data() + idx;
 }

-/// Specifies the severity or level of detail of the log message.
-enum class Level : u8 {
-    Trace,    ///< Extremely detailed and repetitive debugging information that is likely to
-              ///< pollute logs.
-    Debug,    ///< Less detailed debugging information.
-    Info,     ///< Status information from important points during execution.
-    Warning,  ///< Minor or potential problems found during execution of a task.
-    Error,    ///< Major problems found during execution of a task that prevent it from being
-              ///< completed.
-    Critical, ///< Major problems during execution that threaten the stability of the entire
-              ///< application.
-
-    Count ///< Total number of logging levels
-};
-
-typedef u8 ClassType;
-
-/**
- * Specifies the sub-system that generated the log message.
- *
- * @note If you add a new entry here, also add a corresponding one to `ALL_LOG_CLASSES` in
- * backend.cpp.
- */
-enum class Class : ClassType {
-    Log,               ///< Messages about the log system itself
-    Common,            ///< Library routines
-    Common_Filesystem, ///< Filesystem interface library
-    Common_Memory,     ///< Memory mapping and management functions
-    Core,              ///< LLE emulation core
-    Core_ARM,          ///< ARM CPU core
-    Core_Timing,       ///< CoreTiming functions
-    Config,            ///< Emulator configuration (including commandline)
-    Debug,             ///< Debugging tools
-    Debug_Emulated,    ///< Debug messages from the emulated programs
-    Debug_GPU,         ///< GPU debugging tools
-    Debug_Breakpoint,  ///< Logging breakpoints and watchpoints
-    Debug_GDBStub,     ///< GDB Stub
-    Kernel,            ///< The HLE implementation of the CTR kernel
-    Kernel_SVC,        ///< Kernel system calls
-    Service,           ///< HLE implementation of system services. Each major service
-                       ///< should have its own subclass.
-    Service_ACC,       ///< The ACC (Accounts) service
-    Service_AM,        ///< The AM (Applet manager) service
-    Service_AOC,       ///< The AOC (AddOn Content) service
-    Service_APM,       ///< The APM (Performance) service
-    Service_ARP,       ///< The ARP service
-    Service_Audio,     ///< The Audio (Audio control) service
-    Service_BCAT,      ///< The BCAT service
-    Service_BGTC,      ///< The BGTC (Background Task Controller) service
-    Service_BPC,       ///< The BPC service
-    Service_BTDRV,     ///< The Bluetooth driver service
-    Service_BTM,       ///< The BTM service
-    Service_Capture,   ///< The capture service
-    Service_ERPT,      ///< The error reporting service
-    Service_ETicket,   ///< The ETicket service
-    Service_EUPLD,     ///< The error upload service
-    Service_Fatal,     ///< The Fatal service
-    Service_FGM,       ///< The FGM service
-    Service_Friend,    ///< The friend service
-    Service_FS,        ///< The FS (Filesystem) service
-    Service_GRC,       ///< The game recording service
-    Service_HID,       ///< The HID (Human interface device) service
-    Service_IRS,       ///< The IRS service
-    Service_LBL,       ///< The LBL (LCD backlight) service
-    Service_LDN,       ///< The LDN (Local domain network) service
-    Service_LDR,       ///< The loader service
-    Service_LM,        ///< The LM (Logger) service
-    Service_Migration, ///< The migration service
-    Service_Mii,       ///< The Mii service
-    Service_MM,        ///< The MM (Multimedia) service
-    Service_NCM,       ///< The NCM service
-    Service_NFC,       ///< The NFC (Near-field communication) service
-    Service_NFP,       ///< The NFP service
-    Service_NIFM,      ///< The NIFM (Network interface) service
-    Service_NIM,       ///< The NIM service
-    Service_NPNS,      ///< The NPNS service
-    Service_NS,        ///< The NS services
-    Service_NVDRV,     ///< The NVDRV (Nvidia driver) service
-    Service_OLSC,      ///< The OLSC service
-    Service_PCIE,      ///< The PCIe service
-    Service_PCTL,      ///< The PCTL (Parental control) service
-    Service_PCV,       ///< The PCV service
-    Service_PM,        ///< The PM service
-    Service_PREPO,     ///< The PREPO (Play report) service
-    Service_PSC,       ///< The PSC service
-    Service_PSM,       ///< The PSM service
-    Service_SET,       ///< The SET (Settings) service
-    Service_SM,        ///< The SM (Service manager) service
-    Service_SPL,       ///< The SPL service
-    Service_SSL,       ///< The SSL service
-    Service_TCAP,      ///< The TCAP service.
-    Service_Time,      ///< The time service
-    Service_USB,       ///< The USB (Universal Serial Bus) service
-    Service_VI,        ///< The VI (Video interface) service
-    Service_WLAN,      ///< The WLAN (Wireless local area network) service
-    HW,                ///< Low-level hardware emulation
-    HW_Memory,         ///< Memory-map and address translation
-    HW_LCD,            ///< LCD register emulation
-    HW_GPU,            ///< GPU control emulation
-    HW_AES,            ///< AES engine emulation
-    IPC,               ///< IPC interface
-    Frontend,          ///< Emulator UI
-    Render,            ///< Emulator video output and hardware acceleration
-    Render_Software,   ///< Software renderer backend
-    Render_OpenGL,     ///< OpenGL backend
-    Render_Vulkan,     ///< Vulkan backend
-    Audio,             ///< Audio emulation
-    Audio_DSP,         ///< The HLE implementation of the DSP
-    Audio_Sink,        ///< Emulator audio output backend
-    Loader,            ///< ROM loader
-    CheatEngine,       ///< Memory manipulation and engine VM functions
-    Crypto,            ///< Cryptographic engine/functions
-    Input,             ///< Input emulation
-    Network,           ///< Network emulation
-    WebService,        ///< Interface to yuzu Web Services
-    Count              ///< Total number of logging classes
-};
-
 /// Logs a message to the global logger, using fmt
 void FmtLogMessageImpl(Class log_class, Level log_level, const char* filename,
                       unsigned int line_num, const char* function, const char* format,
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@

 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
-#include "common/logging/backend.h"
+#include "common/logging/filter.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/logging/text_formatter.h"
 #include "common/string_util.h"
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+// Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <chrono>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace Common::Log {
+
+/// Specifies the severity or level of detail of the log message.
+enum class Level : u8 {
+    Trace,    ///< Extremely detailed and repetitive debugging information that is likely to
+              ///< pollute logs.
+    Debug,    ///< Less detailed debugging information.
+    Info,     ///< Status information from important points during execution.
+    Warning,  ///< Minor or potential problems found during execution of a task.
+    Error,    ///< Major problems found during execution of a task that prevent it from being
+              ///< completed.
+    Critical, ///< Major problems during execution that threaten the stability of the entire
+              ///< application.
+
+    Count ///< Total number of logging levels
+};
+
+/**
+ * Specifies the sub-system that generated the log message.
+ *
+ * @note If you add a new entry here, also add a corresponding one to `ALL_LOG_CLASSES` in
+ * filter.cpp.
+ */
+enum class Class : u8 {
+    Log,               ///< Messages about the log system itself
+    Common,            ///< Library routines
+    Common_Filesystem, ///< Filesystem interface library
+    Common_Memory,     ///< Memory mapping and management functions
+    Core,              ///< LLE emulation core
+    Core_ARM,          ///< ARM CPU core
+    Core_Timing,       ///< CoreTiming functions
+    Config,            ///< Emulator configuration (including commandline)
+    Debug,             ///< Debugging tools
+    Debug_Emulated,    ///< Debug messages from the emulated programs
+    Debug_GPU,         ///< GPU debugging tools
+    Debug_Breakpoint,  ///< Logging breakpoints and watchpoints
+    Debug_GDBStub,     ///< GDB Stub
+    Kernel,            ///< The HLE implementation of the CTR kernel
+    Kernel_SVC,        ///< Kernel system calls
+    Service,           ///< HLE implementation of system services. Each major service
+                       ///< should have its own subclass.
+    Service_ACC,       ///< The ACC (Accounts) service
+    Service_AM,        ///< The AM (Applet manager) service
+    Service_AOC,       ///< The AOC (AddOn Content) service
+    Service_APM,       ///< The APM (Performance) service
+    Service_ARP,       ///< The ARP service
+    Service_Audio,     ///< The Audio (Audio control) service
+    Service_BCAT,      ///< The BCAT service
+    Service_BGTC,      ///< The BGTC (Background Task Controller) service
+    Service_BPC,       ///< The BPC service
+    Service_BTDRV,     ///< The Bluetooth driver service
+    Service_BTM,       ///< The BTM service
+    Service_Capture,   ///< The capture service
+    Service_ERPT,      ///< The error reporting service
+    Service_ETicket,   ///< The ETicket service
+    Service_EUPLD,     ///< The error upload service
+    Service_Fatal,     ///< The Fatal service
+    Service_FGM,       ///< The FGM service
+    Service_Friend,    ///< The friend service
+    Service_FS,        ///< The FS (Filesystem) service
+    Service_GRC,       ///< The game recording service
+    Service_HID,       ///< The HID (Human interface device) service
+    Service_IRS,       ///< The IRS service
+    Service_LBL,       ///< The LBL (LCD backlight) service
+    Service_LDN,       ///< The LDN (Local domain network) service
+    Service_LDR,       ///< The loader service
+    Service_LM,        ///< The LM (Logger) service
+    Service_Migration, ///< The migration service
+    Service_Mii,       ///< The Mii service
+    Service_MM,        ///< The MM (Multimedia) service
+    Service_NCM,       ///< The NCM service
+    Service_NFC,       ///< The NFC (Near-field communication) service
+    Service_NFP,       ///< The NFP service
+    Service_NIFM,      ///< The NIFM (Network interface) service
+    Service_NIM,       ///< The NIM service
+    Service_NPNS,      ///< The NPNS service
+    Service_NS,        ///< The NS services
+    Service_NVDRV,     ///< The NVDRV (Nvidia driver) service
+    Service_OLSC,      ///< The OLSC service
+    Service_PCIE,      ///< The PCIe service
+    Service_PCTL,      ///< The PCTL (Parental control) service
+    Service_PCV,       ///< The PCV service
+    Service_PM,        ///< The PM service
+    Service_PREPO,     ///< The PREPO (Play report) service
+    Service_PSC,       ///< The PSC service
+    Service_PSM,       ///< The PSM service
+    Service_SET,       ///< The SET (Settings) service
+    Service_SM,        ///< The SM (Service manager) service
+    Service_SPL,       ///< The SPL service
+    Service_SSL,       ///< The SSL service
+    Service_TCAP,      ///< The TCAP service.
+    Service_Time,      ///< The time service
+    Service_USB,       ///< The USB (Universal Serial Bus) service
+    Service_VI,        ///< The VI (Video interface) service
+    Service_WLAN,      ///< The WLAN (Wireless local area network) service
+    HW,                ///< Low-level hardware emulation
+    HW_Memory,         ///< Memory-map and address translation
+    HW_LCD,            ///< LCD register emulation
+    HW_GPU,            ///< GPU control emulation
+    HW_AES,            ///< AES engine emulation
+    IPC,               ///< IPC interface
+    Frontend,          ///< Emulator UI
+    Render,            ///< Emulator video output and hardware acceleration
+    Render_Software,   ///< Software renderer backend
+    Render_OpenGL,     ///< OpenGL backend
+    Render_Vulkan,     ///< Vulkan backend
+    Audio,             ///< Audio emulation
+    Audio_DSP,         ///< The HLE implementation of the DSP
+    Audio_Sink,        ///< Emulator audio output backend
+    Loader,            ///< ROM loader
+    CheatEngine,       ///< Memory manipulation and engine VM functions
+    Crypto,            ///< Cryptographic engine/functions
+    Input,             ///< Input emulation
+    Network,           ///< Network emulation
+    WebService,        ///< Interface to yuzu Web Services
+    Count              ///< Total number of logging classes
+};
+
+/**
+ * A log entry. Log entries are store in a structured format to permit more varied output
+ * formatting on different frontends, as well as facilitating filtering and aggregation.
+ */
+struct Entry {
+    std::chrono::microseconds timestamp;
+    Class log_class{};
+    Level log_level{};
+    const char* filename = nullptr;
+    unsigned int line_num = 0;
+    std::string function;
+    std::string message;
+    bool final_entry = false;
+};
+
+} // namespace Common::Log
@@ -55,9 +55,11 @@ void LogSettings() {
    log_setting("Renderer_UseAsynchronousGpuEmulation",
                values.use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation.GetValue());
    log_setting("Renderer_UseNvdecEmulation", values.use_nvdec_emulation.GetValue());
+    log_setting("Renderer_AccelerateASTC", values.accelerate_astc.GetValue());
    log_setting("Renderer_UseVsync", values.use_vsync.GetValue());
    log_setting("Renderer_UseAssemblyShaders", values.use_assembly_shaders.GetValue());
    log_setting("Renderer_UseAsynchronousShaders", values.use_asynchronous_shaders.GetValue());
+    log_setting("Renderer_UseGarbageCollection", values.use_caches_gc.GetValue());
    log_setting("Renderer_AnisotropicFilteringLevel", values.max_anisotropy.GetValue());
    log_setting("Audio_OutputEngine", values.sink_id);
    log_setting("Audio_EnableAudioStretching", values.enable_audio_stretching.GetValue());
@@ -121,6 +123,7 @@ void RestoreGlobalState(bool is_powered_on) {
    values.cpu_accuracy.SetGlobal(true);
    values.cpuopt_unsafe_unfuse_fma.SetGlobal(true);
    values.cpuopt_unsafe_reduce_fp_error.SetGlobal(true);
+    values.cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_standard_fpcr.SetGlobal(true);
    values.cpuopt_unsafe_inaccurate_nan.SetGlobal(true);
    values.cpuopt_unsafe_fastmem_check.SetGlobal(true);

@@ -135,10 +138,12 @@ void RestoreGlobalState(bool is_powered_on) {
    values.gpu_accuracy.SetGlobal(true);
    values.use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation.SetGlobal(true);
    values.use_nvdec_emulation.SetGlobal(true);
+    values.accelerate_astc.SetGlobal(true);
    values.use_vsync.SetGlobal(true);
    values.use_assembly_shaders.SetGlobal(true);
    values.use_asynchronous_shaders.SetGlobal(true);
    values.use_fast_gpu_time.SetGlobal(true);
+    values.use_caches_gc.SetGlobal(true);
    values.bg_red.SetGlobal(true);
    values.bg_green.SetGlobal(true);
    values.bg_blue.SetGlobal(true);
@@ -129,6 +129,7 @@ struct Values {

    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_unfuse_fma;
    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_reduce_fp_error;
+    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_standard_fpcr;
    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_inaccurate_nan;
    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_fastmem_check;

@@ -147,10 +148,13 @@ struct Values {
    Setting<GPUAccuracy> gpu_accuracy;
    Setting<bool> use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation;
    Setting<bool> use_nvdec_emulation;
+    Setting<bool> accelerate_astc;
    Setting<bool> use_vsync;
+    Setting<bool> disable_fps_limit;
    Setting<bool> use_assembly_shaders;
    Setting<bool> use_asynchronous_shaders;
    Setting<bool> use_fast_gpu_time;
+    Setting<bool> use_caches_gc;

    Setting<float> bg_red;
    Setting<float> bg_green;
@@ -218,6 +222,7 @@ struct Values {
    std::string program_args;
    bool dump_exefs;
    bool dump_nso;
+    bool enable_fs_access_log;
    bool reporting_services;
    bool quest_flag;
    bool disable_macro_jit;
@@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ add_library(core STATIC
    frontend/input.h
    hardware_interrupt_manager.cpp
    hardware_interrupt_manager.h
+    hle/api_version.h
    hle/ipc.h
    hle/ipc_helpers.h
    hle/kernel/board/nintendo/nx/k_system_control.cpp
@@ -550,6 +551,8 @@ add_library(core STATIC
    hle/service/spl/module.h
    hle/service/spl/spl.cpp
    hle/service/spl/spl.h
+    hle/service/spl/spl_results.h
+    hle/service/spl/spl_types.h
    hle/service/ssl/ssl.cpp
    hle/service/ssl/ssl.h
    hle/service/time/clock_types.h
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <dynarmic/interface/A32/config.h>
 #include <dynarmic/interface/A32/context.h>
 #include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/page_table.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
@@ -22,6 +23,8 @@

 namespace Core {

+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
 class DynarmicCallbacks32 : public Dynarmic::A32::UserCallbacks {
 public:
    explicit DynarmicCallbacks32(ARM_Dynarmic_32& parent_)
@@ -143,8 +146,8 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A32::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_32::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
    config.wall_clock_cntpct = uses_wall_clock;

    // Code cache size
-    config.code_cache_size = 512 * 1024 * 1024;
-    config.far_code_offset = 400 * 1024 * 1024;
+    config.code_cache_size = 512_MiB;
+    config.far_code_offset = 400_MiB;

    // Safe optimizations
    if (Settings::values.cpu_accuracy.GetValue() == Settings::CPUAccuracy::DebugMode) {
@@ -186,6 +189,9 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A32::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_32::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
        if (Settings::values.cpuopt_unsafe_reduce_fp_error.GetValue()) {
            config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_ReducedErrorFP;
        }
+        if (Settings::values.cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_standard_fpcr.GetValue()) {
+            config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_IgnoreStandardFPCRValue;
+        }
        if (Settings::values.cpuopt_unsafe_inaccurate_nan.GetValue()) {
            config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_InaccurateNaN;
        }
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <dynarmic/interface/A64/a64.h>
 #include <dynarmic/interface/A64/config.h>
 #include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/page_table.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@
 namespace Core {

 using Vector = Dynarmic::A64::Vector;
+using namespace Common::Literals;

 class DynarmicCallbacks64 : public Dynarmic::A64::UserCallbacks {
 public:
@@ -184,8 +186,8 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A64::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_64::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
    config.wall_clock_cntpct = uses_wall_clock;

    // Code cache size
-    config.code_cache_size = 512 * 1024 * 1024;
-    config.far_code_offset = 400 * 1024 * 1024;
+    config.code_cache_size = 512_MiB;
+    config.far_code_offset = 400_MiB;

    // Safe optimizations
    if (Settings::values.cpu_accuracy.GetValue() == Settings::CPUAccuracy::DebugMode) {
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.

 #include <array>
+#include <atomic>
 #include <memory>
 #include <utility>

@@ -377,7 +378,7 @@ struct System::Impl {
    std::unique_ptr<Core::DeviceMemory> device_memory;
    Core::Memory::Memory memory;
    CpuManager cpu_manager;
-    bool is_powered_on = false;
+    std::atomic_bool is_powered_on{};
    bool exit_lock = false;

    Reporter reporter;
@@ -463,7 +464,7 @@ System::ResultStatus System::Load(Frontend::EmuWindow& emu_window, const std::st
 }

 bool System::IsPoweredOn() const {
-    return impl->is_powered_on;
+    return impl->is_powered_on.load(std::memory_order::relaxed);
 }

 void System::PrepareReschedule() {
@@ -835,7 +835,7 @@ void KeyManager::SetKey(S128KeyType id, Key128 key, u64 field1, u64 field2) {
            "key_area_key_ocean_{:02X}",
            "key_area_key_system_{:02X}",
        };
-        WriteKeyToFile(category, fmt::format(kak_names.at(field2), field1), key);
+        WriteKeyToFile(category, fmt::format(fmt::runtime(kak_names.at(field2)), field1), key);
    } else if (id == S128KeyType::Master) {
        WriteKeyToFile(category, fmt::format("master_key_{:02X}", field1), key);
    } else if (id == S128KeyType::Package1) {
@@ -345,8 +345,10 @@ std::vector<Core::Memory::CheatEntry> PatchManager::CreateCheatList(
 static void ApplyLayeredFS(VirtualFile& romfs, u64 title_id, ContentRecordType type,
                           const Service::FileSystem::FileSystemController& fs_controller) {
    const auto load_dir = fs_controller.GetModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
+    const auto sdmc_load_dir = fs_controller.GetSDMCModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
    if ((type != ContentRecordType::Program && type != ContentRecordType::Data) ||
-        load_dir == nullptr || load_dir->GetSize() <= 0) {
+        ((load_dir == nullptr || load_dir->GetSize() <= 0) &&
+         (sdmc_load_dir == nullptr || sdmc_load_dir->GetSize() <= 0))) {
        return;
    }

@@ -356,7 +358,10 @@ static void ApplyLayeredFS(VirtualFile& romfs, u64 title_id, ContentRecordType t
    }

    const auto& disabled = Settings::values.disabled_addons[title_id];
-    auto patch_dirs = load_dir->GetSubdirectories();
+    std::vector<VirtualDir> patch_dirs = load_dir->GetSubdirectories();
+    if (std::find(disabled.cbegin(), disabled.cend(), "SDMC") == disabled.cend()) {
+        patch_dirs.push_back(sdmc_load_dir);
+    }
    std::sort(patch_dirs.begin(), patch_dirs.end(),
              [](const VirtualDir& l, const VirtualDir& r) { return l->GetName() < r->GetName(); });

@@ -402,7 +407,7 @@ static void ApplyLayeredFS(VirtualFile& romfs, u64 title_id, ContentRecordType t
 }

 VirtualFile PatchManager::PatchRomFS(VirtualFile romfs, u64 ivfc_offset, ContentRecordType type,
-                                     VirtualFile update_raw) const {
+                                     VirtualFile update_raw, bool apply_layeredfs) const {
    const auto log_string = fmt::format("Patching RomFS for title_id={:016X}, type={:02X}",
                                        title_id, static_cast<u8>(type));

@@ -442,7 +447,9 @@ VirtualFile PatchManager::PatchRomFS(VirtualFile romfs, u64 ivfc_offset, Content
    }

    // LayeredFS
-    ApplyLayeredFS(romfs, title_id, type, fs_controller);
+    if (apply_layeredfs) {
+        ApplyLayeredFS(romfs, title_id, type, fs_controller);
+    }

    return romfs;
 }
@@ -524,6 +531,15 @@ PatchManager::PatchVersionNames PatchManager::GetPatchVersionNames(VirtualFile u
        }
    }

+    // SDMC mod directory (RomFS LayeredFS)
+    const auto sdmc_mod_dir = fs_controller.GetSDMCModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
+    if (sdmc_mod_dir != nullptr && sdmc_mod_dir->GetSize() > 0 &&
+        IsDirValidAndNonEmpty(FindSubdirectoryCaseless(sdmc_mod_dir, "romfs"))) {
+        const auto mod_disabled =
+            std::find(disabled.begin(), disabled.end(), "SDMC") != disabled.end();
+        out.insert_or_assign(mod_disabled ? "[D] SDMC" : "SDMC", "LayeredFS");
+    }
+
    // DLC
    const auto dlc_entries =
        content_provider.ListEntriesFilter(TitleType::AOC, ContentRecordType::Data);
@@ -64,7 +64,8 @@ public:
    // - LayeredFS
    [[nodiscard]] VirtualFile PatchRomFS(VirtualFile base, u64 ivfc_offset,
                                         ContentRecordType type = ContentRecordType::Program,
-                                         VirtualFile update_raw = nullptr) const;
+                                         VirtualFile update_raw = nullptr,
+                                         bool apply_layeredfs = true) const;

    // Returns a vector of pairs between patch names and patch versions.
    // i.e. Update 3.2.2 will return {"Update", "3.2.2"}
@@ -58,14 +58,17 @@ static bool FollowsNcaIdFormat(std::string_view name) {

 static std::string GetRelativePathFromNcaID(const std::array<u8, 16>& nca_id, bool second_hex_upper,
                                            bool within_two_digit, bool cnmt_suffix) {
-    if (!within_two_digit)
-        return fmt::format(cnmt_suffix ? "{}.cnmt.nca" : "/{}.nca",
-                           Common::HexToString(nca_id, second_hex_upper));
+    if (!within_two_digit) {
+        const auto format_str = fmt::runtime(cnmt_suffix ? "{}.cnmt.nca" : "/{}.nca");
+        return fmt::format(format_str, Common::HexToString(nca_id, second_hex_upper));
+    }

    Core::Crypto::SHA256Hash hash{};
    mbedtls_sha256_ret(nca_id.data(), nca_id.size(), hash.data(), 0);
-    return fmt::format(cnmt_suffix ? "/000000{:02X}/{}.cnmt.nca" : "/000000{:02X}/{}.nca", hash[0],
-                       Common::HexToString(nca_id, second_hex_upper));
+
+    const auto format_str =
+        fmt::runtime(cnmt_suffix ? "/000000{:02X}/{}.cnmt.nca" : "/000000{:02X}/{}.nca");
+    return fmt::format(format_str, hash[0], Common::HexToString(nca_id, second_hex_upper));
 }

 static std::string GetCNMTName(TitleType type, u64 title_id) {
@@ -12,23 +12,32 @@ namespace FileSys {

 constexpr u64 SDMC_TOTAL_SIZE = 0x10000000000; // 1 TiB

-SDMCFactory::SDMCFactory(VirtualDir dir_)
-    : dir(std::move(dir_)), contents(std::make_unique<RegisteredCache>(
-                                GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dir, "/Nintendo/Contents/registered"),
-                                [](const VirtualFile& file, const NcaID& id) {
-                                    return NAX{file, id}.GetDecrypted();
-                                })),
+SDMCFactory::SDMCFactory(VirtualDir sd_dir_, VirtualDir sd_mod_dir_)
+    : sd_dir(std::move(sd_dir_)), sd_mod_dir(std::move(sd_mod_dir_)),
+      contents(std::make_unique<RegisteredCache>(
+          GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(sd_dir, "/Nintendo/Contents/registered"),
+          [](const VirtualFile& file, const NcaID& id) {
+              return NAX{file, id}.GetDecrypted();
+          })),
      placeholder(std::make_unique<PlaceholderCache>(
-          GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dir, "/Nintendo/Contents/placehld"))) {}
+          GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(sd_dir, "/Nintendo/Contents/placehld"))) {}

 SDMCFactory::~SDMCFactory() = default;

 ResultVal<VirtualDir> SDMCFactory::Open() const {
-    return MakeResult<VirtualDir>(dir);
+    return MakeResult<VirtualDir>(sd_dir);
+}
+
+VirtualDir SDMCFactory::GetSDMCModificationLoadRoot(u64 title_id) const {
+    // LayeredFS doesn't work on updates and title id-less homebrew
+    if (title_id == 0 || (title_id & 0xFFF) == 0x800) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+    return GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(sd_mod_dir, fmt::format("/{:016X}", title_id));
 }

 VirtualDir SDMCFactory::GetSDMCContentDirectory() const {
-    return GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dir, "/Nintendo/Contents");
+    return GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(sd_dir, "/Nintendo/Contents");
 }

 RegisteredCache* SDMCFactory::GetSDMCContents() const {
@@ -40,11 +49,11 @@ PlaceholderCache* SDMCFactory::GetSDMCPlaceholder() const {
 }

 VirtualDir SDMCFactory::GetImageDirectory() const {
-    return GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dir, "/Nintendo/Album");
+    return GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(sd_dir, "/Nintendo/Album");
 }

 u64 SDMCFactory::GetSDMCFreeSpace() const {
-    return GetSDMCTotalSpace() - dir->GetSize();
+    return GetSDMCTotalSpace() - sd_dir->GetSize();
 }

 u64 SDMCFactory::GetSDMCTotalSpace() const {
@@ -16,11 +16,12 @@ class PlaceholderCache;
 /// File system interface to the SDCard archive
 class SDMCFactory {
 public:
-    explicit SDMCFactory(VirtualDir dir);
+    explicit SDMCFactory(VirtualDir sd_dir_, VirtualDir sd_mod_dir_);
    ~SDMCFactory();

    ResultVal<VirtualDir> Open() const;

+    VirtualDir GetSDMCModificationLoadRoot(u64 title_id) const;
    VirtualDir GetSDMCContentDirectory() const;

    RegisteredCache* GetSDMCContents() const;
@@ -32,7 +33,8 @@ public:
    u64 GetSDMCTotalSpace() const;

 private:
-    VirtualDir dir;
+    VirtualDir sd_dir;
+    VirtualDir sd_mod_dir;

    std::unique_ptr<RegisteredCache> contents;
    std::unique_ptr<PlaceholderCache> placeholder;
@@ -4,47 +4,29 @@

 #include "core/file_sys/system_archive/system_version.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs_vector.h"
+#include "core/hle/api_version.h"

 namespace FileSys::SystemArchive {

-namespace SystemVersionData {
-
-// This section should reflect the best system version to describe yuzu's HLE api.
-// TODO(DarkLordZach): Update when HLE gets better.
-
-constexpr u8 VERSION_MAJOR = 11;
-constexpr u8 VERSION_MINOR = 0;
-constexpr u8 VERSION_MICRO = 1;
-
-constexpr u8 REVISION_MAJOR = 1;
-constexpr u8 REVISION_MINOR = 0;
-
-constexpr char PLATFORM_STRING[] = "NX";
-constexpr char VERSION_HASH[] = "69103fcb2004dace877094c2f8c29e6113be5dbf";
-constexpr char DISPLAY_VERSION[] = "11.0.1";
-constexpr char DISPLAY_TITLE[] = "NintendoSDK Firmware for NX 11.0.1-1.0";
-
-} // namespace SystemVersionData
-
 std::string GetLongDisplayVersion() {
-    return SystemVersionData::DISPLAY_TITLE;
+    return HLE::ApiVersion::DISPLAY_TITLE;
 }

 VirtualDir SystemVersion() {
    VirtualFile file = std::make_shared<VectorVfsFile>(std::vector<u8>(0x100), "file");
-    file->WriteObject(SystemVersionData::VERSION_MAJOR, 0);
-    file->WriteObject(SystemVersionData::VERSION_MINOR, 1);
-    file->WriteObject(SystemVersionData::VERSION_MICRO, 2);
-    file->WriteObject(SystemVersionData::REVISION_MAJOR, 4);
-    file->WriteObject(SystemVersionData::REVISION_MINOR, 5);
-    file->WriteArray(SystemVersionData::PLATFORM_STRING,
-                     std::min<u64>(sizeof(SystemVersionData::PLATFORM_STRING), 0x20ULL), 0x8);
-    file->WriteArray(SystemVersionData::VERSION_HASH,
-                     std::min<u64>(sizeof(SystemVersionData::VERSION_HASH), 0x40ULL), 0x28);
-    file->WriteArray(SystemVersionData::DISPLAY_VERSION,
-                     std::min<u64>(sizeof(SystemVersionData::DISPLAY_VERSION), 0x18ULL), 0x68);
-    file->WriteArray(SystemVersionData::DISPLAY_TITLE,
-                     std::min<u64>(sizeof(SystemVersionData::DISPLAY_TITLE), 0x80ULL), 0x80);
+    file->WriteObject(HLE::ApiVersion::HOS_VERSION_MAJOR, 0);
+    file->WriteObject(HLE::ApiVersion::HOS_VERSION_MINOR, 1);
+    file->WriteObject(HLE::ApiVersion::HOS_VERSION_MICRO, 2);
+    file->WriteObject(HLE::ApiVersion::SDK_REVISION_MAJOR, 4);
+    file->WriteObject(HLE::ApiVersion::SDK_REVISION_MINOR, 5);
+    file->WriteArray(HLE::ApiVersion::PLATFORM_STRING,
+                     std::min<u64>(sizeof(HLE::ApiVersion::PLATFORM_STRING), 0x20ULL), 0x8);
+    file->WriteArray(HLE::ApiVersion::VERSION_HASH,
+                     std::min<u64>(sizeof(HLE::ApiVersion::VERSION_HASH), 0x40ULL), 0x28);
+    file->WriteArray(HLE::ApiVersion::DISPLAY_VERSION,
+                     std::min<u64>(sizeof(HLE::ApiVersion::DISPLAY_VERSION), 0x18ULL), 0x68);
+    file->WriteArray(HLE::ApiVersion::DISPLAY_TITLE,
+                     std::min<u64>(sizeof(HLE::ApiVersion::DISPLAY_TITLE), 0x80ULL), 0x80);
    return std::make_shared<VectorVfsDirectory>(std::vector<VirtualFile>{file},
                                                std::vector<VirtualDir>{}, "data");
 }
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 #include <numeric>
 #include <string>
 #include "common/fs/path_util.h"
-#include "common/logging/backend.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/mode.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs.h"

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 #endif

 #include "common/fs/path_util.h"
-#include "common/logging/backend.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs_libzip.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs_vector.h"
@@ -24,17 +24,12 @@ constexpr FS::FileAccessMode ModeFlagsToFileAccessMode(Mode mode) {
    case Mode::Read:
        return FS::FileAccessMode::Read;
    case Mode::Write:
-        return FS::FileAccessMode::Write;
    case Mode::ReadWrite:
-        return FS::FileAccessMode::ReadWrite;
    case Mode::Append:
-        return FS::FileAccessMode::Append;
    case Mode::ReadAppend:
-        return FS::FileAccessMode::ReadAppend;
    case Mode::WriteAppend:
-        return FS::FileAccessMode::Append;
    case Mode::All:
-        return FS::FileAccessMode::ReadAppend;
+        return FS::FileAccessMode::ReadWrite;
    default:
        return {};
    }
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@

 #pragma once

+#include <functional>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 #include <tuple>
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+// Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+// This file contains yuzu's HLE API version constants.
+
+namespace HLE::ApiVersion {
+
+// Horizon OS version constants.
+
+constexpr u8 HOS_VERSION_MAJOR = 11;
+constexpr u8 HOS_VERSION_MINOR = 0;
+constexpr u8 HOS_VERSION_MICRO = 1;
+
+// NintendoSDK version constants.
+
+constexpr u8 SDK_REVISION_MAJOR = 1;
+constexpr u8 SDK_REVISION_MINOR = 0;
+
+constexpr char PLATFORM_STRING[] = "NX";
+constexpr char VERSION_HASH[] = "69103fcb2004dace877094c2f8c29e6113be5dbf";
+constexpr char DISPLAY_VERSION[] = "11.0.1";
+constexpr char DISPLAY_TITLE[] = "NintendoSDK Firmware for NX 11.0.1-1.0";
+
+// Atmosphere version constants.
+
+constexpr u8 ATMOSPHERE_RELEASE_VERSION_MAJOR = 0;
+constexpr u8 ATMOSPHERE_RELEASE_VERSION_MINOR = 19;
+constexpr u8 ATMOSPHERE_RELEASE_VERSION_MICRO = 4;
+
+constexpr u32 GetTargetFirmware() {
+    return u32{HOS_VERSION_MAJOR} << 24 | u32{HOS_VERSION_MINOR} << 16 |
+           u32{HOS_VERSION_MICRO} << 8 | 0U;
+}
+
+} // namespace HLE::ApiVersion
@@ -345,8 +345,12 @@ public:
    explicit RequestParser(u32* command_buffer) : RequestHelperBase(command_buffer) {}

    explicit RequestParser(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) : RequestHelperBase(ctx) {
-        ASSERT_MSG(ctx.GetDataPayloadOffset(), "context is incomplete");
-        Skip(ctx.GetDataPayloadOffset(), false);
+        // TIPC does not have data payload offset
+        if (!ctx.IsTipc()) {
+            ASSERT_MSG(ctx.GetDataPayloadOffset(), "context is incomplete");
+            Skip(ctx.GetDataPayloadOffset(), false);
+        }
+
        // Skip the u64 command id, it's already stored in the context
        static constexpr u32 CommandIdSize = 2;
        Skip(CommandIdSize, false);
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@

 #include <random>

-#include "common/common_sizes.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
+
 #include "core/hle/kernel/board/nintendo/nx/k_system_control.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/board/nintendo/nx/secure_monitor.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_trace.h"
@@ -25,6 +26,8 @@ constexpr const std::size_t RequiredNonSecureSystemMemorySize =

 namespace {

+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
 u32 GetMemoryModeForInit() {
    return 0x01;
 }
@@ -57,11 +60,11 @@ size_t KSystemControl::Init::GetIntendedMemorySize() {
    switch (GetMemorySizeForInit()) {
    case Smc::MemorySize_4GB:
    default: // All invalid modes should go to 4GB.
-        return Common::Size_4_GB;
+        return 4_GiB;
    case Smc::MemorySize_6GB:
-        return Common::Size_6_GB;
+        return 6_GiB;
    case Smc::MemorySize_8GB:
-        return Common::Size_8_GB;
+        return 8_GiB;
    }
 }

@@ -79,17 +82,17 @@ std::size_t KSystemControl::Init::GetApplicationPoolSize() {
        switch (GetMemoryArrangeForInit()) {
        case Smc::MemoryArrangement_4GB:
        default:
-            return Common::Size_3285_MB;
+            return 3285_MiB;
        case Smc::MemoryArrangement_4GBForAppletDev:
-            return Common::Size_2048_MB;
+            return 2048_MiB;
        case Smc::MemoryArrangement_4GBForSystemDev:
-            return Common::Size_3285_MB;
+            return 3285_MiB;
        case Smc::MemoryArrangement_6GB:
-            return Common::Size_4916_MB;
+            return 4916_MiB;
        case Smc::MemoryArrangement_6GBForAppletDev:
-            return Common::Size_3285_MB;
+            return 3285_MiB;
        case Smc::MemoryArrangement_8GB:
-            return Common::Size_4916_MB;
+            return 4916_MiB;
        }
    }();

@@ -103,22 +106,22 @@ size_t KSystemControl::Init::GetAppletPoolSize() {
        switch (GetMemoryArrangeForInit()) {
        case Smc::MemoryArrangement_4GB:
        default:
-            return Common::Size_507_MB;
+            return 507_MiB;
        case Smc::MemoryArrangement_4GBForAppletDev:
-            return Common::Size_1554_MB;
+            return 1554_MiB;
        case Smc::MemoryArrangement_4GBForSystemDev:
-            return Common::Size_448_MB;
+            return 448_MiB;
        case Smc::MemoryArrangement_6GB:
-            return Common::Size_562_MB;
+            return 562_MiB;
        case Smc::MemoryArrangement_6GBForAppletDev:
-            return Common::Size_2193_MB;
+            return 2193_MiB;
        case Smc::MemoryArrangement_8GB:
-            return Common::Size_2193_MB;
+            return 2193_MiB;
        }
    }();

    // Return (possibly) adjusted size.
-    constexpr size_t ExtraSystemMemoryForAtmosphere = Common::Size_33_MB;
+    constexpr size_t ExtraSystemMemoryForAtmosphere = 33_MiB;
    return base_pool_size - ExtraSystemMemoryForAtmosphere - KTraceBufferSize;
 }

@@ -5,34 +5,37 @@
 #include <array>

 #include "common/assert.h"
-#include "common/common_sizes.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_address_space_info.h"

 namespace Kernel {

 namespace {

+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
+constexpr u64 Size_Invalid = UINT64_MAX;
+
 // clang-format off
 constexpr std::array<KAddressSpaceInfo, 13> AddressSpaceInfos{{
-   { .bit_width = 32, .address = Common::Size_2_MB   , .size = Common::Size_1_GB   - Common::Size_2_MB  , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapSmall, },
-   { .bit_width = 32, .address = Common::Size_1_GB   , .size = Common::Size_4_GB   - Common::Size_1_GB  , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapLarge, },
-   { .bit_width = 32, .address = Common::Size_Invalid, .size = Common::Size_1_GB                        , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Alias,    },
-   { .bit_width = 32, .address = Common::Size_Invalid, .size = Common::Size_1_GB                        , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Heap,     },
-   { .bit_width = 36, .address = Common::Size_128_MB , .size = Common::Size_2_GB   - Common::Size_128_MB, .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapSmall, },
-   { .bit_width = 36, .address = Common::Size_2_GB   , .size = Common::Size_64_GB  - Common::Size_2_GB  , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapLarge, },
-   { .bit_width = 36, .address = Common::Size_Invalid, .size = Common::Size_6_GB                        , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Heap,     },
-   { .bit_width = 36, .address = Common::Size_Invalid, .size = Common::Size_6_GB                        , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Alias,    },
-   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Common::Size_128_MB , .size = Common::Size_512_GB - Common::Size_128_MB, .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Map39Bit, },
-   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Common::Size_Invalid, .size = Common::Size_64_GB                       , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapSmall  },
-   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Common::Size_Invalid, .size = Common::Size_6_GB                        , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Heap,     },
-   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Common::Size_Invalid, .size = Common::Size_64_GB                       , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Alias,    },
-   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Common::Size_Invalid, .size = Common::Size_2_GB                        , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Stack,    },
+   { .bit_width = 32, .address = 2_MiB       , .size = 1_GiB   - 2_MiB  , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapSmall, },
+   { .bit_width = 32, .address = 1_GiB       , .size = 4_GiB   - 1_GiB  , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapLarge, },
+   { .bit_width = 32, .address = Size_Invalid, .size = 1_GiB            , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Alias,    },
+   { .bit_width = 32, .address = Size_Invalid, .size = 1_GiB            , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Heap,     },
+   { .bit_width = 36, .address = 128_MiB     , .size = 2_GiB   - 128_MiB, .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapSmall, },
+   { .bit_width = 36, .address = 2_GiB       , .size = 64_GiB  - 2_GiB  , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapLarge, },
+   { .bit_width = 36, .address = Size_Invalid, .size = 6_GiB            , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Heap,     },
+   { .bit_width = 36, .address = Size_Invalid, .size = 6_GiB            , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Alias,    },
+   { .bit_width = 39, .address = 128_MiB     , .size = 512_GiB - 128_MiB, .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Map39Bit, },
+   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Size_Invalid, .size = 64_GiB           , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapSmall  },
+   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Size_Invalid, .size = 6_GiB            , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Heap,     },
+   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Size_Invalid, .size = 64_GiB           , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Alias,    },
+   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Size_Invalid, .size = 2_GiB            , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Stack,    },
 }};
 // clang-format on

 constexpr bool IsAllowedIndexForAddress(std::size_t index) {
-    return index < AddressSpaceInfos.size() &&
-           AddressSpaceInfos[index].address != Common::Size_Invalid;
+    return index < AddressSpaceInfos.size() && AddressSpaceInfos[index].address != Size_Invalid;
 }

 using IndexArray =
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.

 #include "common/alignment.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_layout.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_manager.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_system_control.h"
@@ -12,8 +13,10 @@ namespace Kernel {

 namespace {

+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
 constexpr size_t CarveoutAlignment = 0x20000;
-constexpr size_t CarveoutSizeMax = (512ULL * 1024 * 1024) - CarveoutAlignment;
+constexpr size_t CarveoutSizeMax = (512_MiB) - CarveoutAlignment;

 bool SetupPowerManagementControllerMemoryRegion(KMemoryLayout& memory_layout) {
    // Above firmware 2.0.0, the PMC is not mappable.
@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@
 #include <utility>

 #include "common/alignment.h"
-#include "common/common_sizes.h"
-#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
 #include "core/device_memory.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_region.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_region_type.h"
@@ -16,20 +15,22 @@

 namespace Kernel {

-constexpr std::size_t L1BlockSize = Common::Size_1_GB;
-constexpr std::size_t L2BlockSize = Common::Size_2_MB;
+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
+constexpr std::size_t L1BlockSize = 1_GiB;
+constexpr std::size_t L2BlockSize = 2_MiB;

 constexpr std::size_t GetMaximumOverheadSize(std::size_t size) {
    return (Common::DivideUp(size, L1BlockSize) + Common::DivideUp(size, L2BlockSize)) * PageSize;
 }

-constexpr std::size_t MainMemorySize = Common::Size_4_GB;
-constexpr std::size_t MainMemorySizeMax = Common::Size_8_GB;
+constexpr std::size_t MainMemorySize = 4_GiB;
+constexpr std::size_t MainMemorySizeMax = 8_GiB;

-constexpr std::size_t ReservedEarlyDramSize = 0x60000;
+constexpr std::size_t ReservedEarlyDramSize = 384_KiB;
 constexpr std::size_t DramPhysicalAddress = 0x80000000;

-constexpr std::size_t KernelAslrAlignment = Common::Size_2_MB;
+constexpr std::size_t KernelAslrAlignment = 2_MiB;
 constexpr std::size_t KernelVirtualAddressSpaceWidth = 1ULL << 39;
 constexpr std::size_t KernelPhysicalAddressSpaceWidth = 1ULL << 48;

@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ constexpr std::size_t KernelVirtualAddressSpaceLast = KernelVirtualAddressSpaceE
 constexpr std::size_t KernelVirtualAddressSpaceSize =
    KernelVirtualAddressSpaceEnd - KernelVirtualAddressSpaceBase;
 constexpr std::size_t KernelVirtualAddressCodeBase = KernelVirtualAddressSpaceBase;
-constexpr std::size_t KernelVirtualAddressCodeSize = 0x62000;
+constexpr std::size_t KernelVirtualAddressCodeSize = 392_KiB;
 constexpr std::size_t KernelVirtualAddressCodeEnd =
    KernelVirtualAddressCodeBase + KernelVirtualAddressCodeSize;

@@ -53,14 +54,14 @@ constexpr std::size_t KernelPhysicalAddressSpaceSize =
 constexpr std::size_t KernelPhysicalAddressCodeBase = DramPhysicalAddress + ReservedEarlyDramSize;

 constexpr std::size_t KernelPageTableHeapSize = GetMaximumOverheadSize(MainMemorySizeMax);
-constexpr std::size_t KernelInitialPageHeapSize = Common::Size_128_KB;
+constexpr std::size_t KernelInitialPageHeapSize = 128_KiB;

-constexpr std::size_t KernelSlabHeapDataSize = Common::Size_5_MB;
-constexpr std::size_t KernelSlabHeapGapsSize = Common::Size_2_MB - Common::Size_64_KB;
+constexpr std::size_t KernelSlabHeapDataSize = 5_MiB;
+constexpr std::size_t KernelSlabHeapGapsSize = 2_MiB - 64_KiB;
 constexpr std::size_t KernelSlabHeapSize = KernelSlabHeapDataSize + KernelSlabHeapGapsSize;

 // NOTE: This is calculated from KThread slab counts, assuming KThread size <= 0x860.
-constexpr std::size_t KernelSlabHeapAdditionalSize = 0x68000ULL;
+constexpr std::size_t KernelSlabHeapAdditionalSize = 416_KiB;

 constexpr std::size_t KernelResourceSize =
    KernelPageTableHeapSize + KernelInitialPageHeapSize + KernelSlabHeapSize;
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@

 #include "common/alignment.h"
 #include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
 #include "common/scope_exit.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_address_space_info.h"
@@ -23,6 +24,8 @@ namespace Kernel {

 namespace {

+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
 constexpr std::size_t GetAddressSpaceWidthFromType(FileSys::ProgramAddressSpaceType as_type) {
    switch (as_type) {
    case FileSys::ProgramAddressSpaceType::Is32Bit:
@@ -89,7 +92,7 @@ ResultCode KPageTable::InitializeForProcess(FileSys::ProgramAddressSpaceType as_
    }

    // Set code regions and determine remaining
-    constexpr std::size_t RegionAlignment{2 * 1024 * 1024};
+    constexpr std::size_t RegionAlignment{2_MiB};
    VAddr process_code_start{};
    VAddr process_code_end{};
    std::size_t stack_region_size{};
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ ResultCode KResourceLimit::SetLimitValue(LimitableResource which, s64 value) {
    R_UNLESS(current_values[index] <= value, ResultInvalidState);

    limit_values[index] = value;
+    peak_values[index] = current_values[index];

    return ResultSuccess;
 }
@@ -4,9 +4,13 @@

 #pragma once

+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
+
 namespace Kernel {

+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
 constexpr bool IsKTraceEnabled = false;
-constexpr std::size_t KTraceBufferSize = IsKTraceEnabled ? 16 * 1024 * 1024 : 0;
+constexpr std::size_t KTraceBufferSize = IsKTraceEnabled ? 16_MiB : 0;

 } // namespace Kernel
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 #include <utility>

 #include "common/assert.h"
-#include "common/common_sizes.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/microprofile.h"
 #include "common/thread.h"
@@ -180,7 +179,7 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
        system_resource_limit->Reserve(LimitableResource::PhysicalMemory, kernel_size);

        // Reserve secure applet memory, introduced in firmware 5.0.0
-        constexpr u64 secure_applet_memory_size{Common::Size_4_MB};
+        constexpr u64 secure_applet_memory_size{4_MiB};
        ASSERT(system_resource_limit->Reserve(LimitableResource::PhysicalMemory,
                                              secure_applet_memory_size));

@@ -320,8 +319,8 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
        const VAddr code_end_virt_addr = KernelVirtualAddressCodeEnd;

        // Setup the containing kernel region.
-        constexpr size_t KernelRegionSize = Common::Size_1_GB;
-        constexpr size_t KernelRegionAlign = Common::Size_1_GB;
+        constexpr size_t KernelRegionSize = 1_GiB;
+        constexpr size_t KernelRegionAlign = 1_GiB;
        constexpr VAddr kernel_region_start =
            Common::AlignDown(code_start_virt_addr, KernelRegionAlign);
        size_t kernel_region_size = KernelRegionSize;
@@ -368,7 +367,7 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {

        // Decide on the actual size for the misc region.
        constexpr size_t MiscRegionAlign = KernelAslrAlignment;
-        constexpr size_t MiscRegionMinimumSize = Common::Size_32_MB;
+        constexpr size_t MiscRegionMinimumSize = 32_MiB;
        const size_t misc_region_size = Common::AlignUp(
            std::max(misc_region_needed_size, MiscRegionMinimumSize), MiscRegionAlign);
        ASSERT(misc_region_size > 0);
@@ -381,7 +380,7 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
            misc_region_start, misc_region_size, KMemoryRegionType_KernelMisc));

        // Setup the stack region.
-        constexpr size_t StackRegionSize = Common::Size_14_MB;
+        constexpr size_t StackRegionSize = 14_MiB;
        constexpr size_t StackRegionAlign = KernelAslrAlignment;
        const VAddr stack_region_start =
            memory_layout.GetVirtualMemoryRegionTree().GetRandomAlignedRegion(
@@ -414,7 +413,7 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
            slab_region_start, slab_region_size, KMemoryRegionType_KernelSlab));

        // Setup the temp region.
-        constexpr size_t TempRegionSize = Common::Size_128_MB;
+        constexpr size_t TempRegionSize = 128_MiB;
        constexpr size_t TempRegionAlign = KernelAslrAlignment;
        const VAddr temp_region_start =
            memory_layout.GetVirtualMemoryRegionTree().GetRandomAlignedRegion(
@@ -470,7 +469,7 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
        // Determine size available for kernel page table heaps, requiring > 8 MB.
        const PAddr resource_end_phys_addr = slab_start_phys_addr + resource_region_size;
        const size_t page_table_heap_size = resource_end_phys_addr - slab_end_phys_addr;
-        ASSERT(page_table_heap_size / Common::Size_4_MB > 2);
+        ASSERT(page_table_heap_size / 4_MiB > 2);

        // Insert a physical region for the kernel page table heap region
        ASSERT(memory_layout.GetPhysicalMemoryRegionTree().Insert(
@@ -495,7 +494,7 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
        ASSERT(linear_extents.GetEndAddress() != 0);

        // Setup the linear mapping region.
-        constexpr size_t LinearRegionAlign = Common::Size_1_GB;
+        constexpr size_t LinearRegionAlign = 1_GiB;
        const PAddr aligned_linear_phys_start =
            Common::AlignDown(linear_extents.GetAddress(), LinearRegionAlign);
        const size_t linear_region_size =
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ AOC_U::AOC_U(Core::System& system_)
        {7, &AOC_U::PrepareAddOnContent, "PrepareAddOnContent"},
        {8, &AOC_U::GetAddOnContentListChangedEvent, "GetAddOnContentListChangedEvent"},
        {9, nullptr, "GetAddOnContentLostErrorCode"},
-        {10, nullptr, "GetAddOnContentListChangedEventWithProcessId"},
+        {10, &AOC_U::GetAddOnContentListChangedEventWithProcessId, "GetAddOnContentListChangedEventWithProcessId"},
        {100, &AOC_U::CreateEcPurchasedEventManager, "CreateEcPurchasedEventManager"},
        {101, &AOC_U::CreatePermanentEcPurchasedEventManager, "CreatePermanentEcPurchasedEventManager"},
        {110, nullptr, "CreateContentsServiceManager"},
@@ -257,6 +257,14 @@ void AOC_U::GetAddOnContentListChangedEvent(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
    rb.PushCopyObjects(aoc_change_event.GetReadableEvent());
 }

+void AOC_U::GetAddOnContentListChangedEventWithProcessId(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    LOG_WARNING(Service_AOC, "(STUBBED) called");
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 1};
+    rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
+    rb.PushCopyObjects(aoc_change_event.GetReadableEvent());
+}
+
 void AOC_U::CreateEcPurchasedEventManager(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
    LOG_WARNING(Service_AOC, "(STUBBED) called");

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ private:
    void GetAddOnContentBaseId(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
    void PrepareAddOnContent(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
    void GetAddOnContentListChangedEvent(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+    void GetAddOnContentListChangedEventWithProcessId(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
    void CreateEcPurchasedEventManager(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
    void CreatePermanentEcPurchasedEventManager(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ public:
            {7, &IAudioOut::AppendAudioOutBufferImpl, "AppendAudioOutBufferAuto"},
            {8, &IAudioOut::GetReleasedAudioOutBufferImpl, "GetReleasedAudioOutBufferAuto"},
            {9, &IAudioOut::GetAudioOutBufferCount, "GetAudioOutBufferCount"},
-            {10, nullptr, "GetAudioOutPlayedSampleCount"},
+            {10, &IAudioOut::GetAudioOutPlayedSampleCount, "GetAudioOutPlayedSampleCount"},
            {11, &IAudioOut::FlushAudioOutBuffers, "FlushAudioOutBuffers"},
            {12, &IAudioOut::SetAudioOutVolume, "SetAudioOutVolume"},
            {13, &IAudioOut::GetAudioOutVolume, "GetAudioOutVolume"},
@@ -186,6 +186,14 @@ private:
        rb.Push(static_cast<u32>(stream->GetQueueSize()));
    }

+    void GetAudioOutPlayedSampleCount(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_Audio, "called");
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 4};
+        rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
+        rb.Push(stream->GetPlayedSampleCount());
+    }
+
    void FlushAudioOutBuffers(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
        LOG_DEBUG(Service_Audio, "called");

@@ -253,7 +253,11 @@ void HwOpus::GetWorkBufferSize(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
    rb.Push<u32>(worker_buffer_sz);
 }

-void HwOpus::OpenOpusDecoder(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+void HwOpus::GetWorkBufferSizeEx(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    GetWorkBufferSize(ctx);
+}
+
+void HwOpus::OpenHardwareOpusDecoder(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
    const auto sample_rate = rp.Pop<u32>();
    const auto channel_count = rp.Pop<u32>();
@@ -291,14 +295,47 @@ void HwOpus::OpenOpusDecoder(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
        system, OpusDecoderState{std::move(decoder), sample_rate, channel_count});
 }

+void HwOpus::OpenHardwareOpusDecoderEx(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+    const auto sample_rate = rp.Pop<u32>();
+    const auto channel_count = rp.Pop<u32>();
+
+    LOG_CRITICAL(Audio, "called sample_rate={}, channel_count={}", sample_rate, channel_count);
+
+    ASSERT_MSG(sample_rate == 48000 || sample_rate == 24000 || sample_rate == 16000 ||
+                   sample_rate == 12000 || sample_rate == 8000,
+               "Invalid sample rate");
+    ASSERT_MSG(channel_count == 1 || channel_count == 2, "Invalid channel count");
+
+    const int num_stereo_streams = channel_count == 2 ? 1 : 0;
+    const auto mapping_table = CreateMappingTable(channel_count);
+
+    int error = 0;
+    OpusDecoderPtr decoder{
+        opus_multistream_decoder_create(sample_rate, static_cast<int>(channel_count), 1,
+                                        num_stereo_streams, mapping_table.data(), &error)};
+    if (error != OPUS_OK || decoder == nullptr) {
+        LOG_ERROR(Audio, "Failed to create Opus decoder (error={}).", error);
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+        // TODO(ogniK): Use correct error code
+        rb.Push(ResultUnknown);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 0, 1};
+    rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
+    rb.PushIpcInterface<IHardwareOpusDecoderManager>(
+        system, OpusDecoderState{std::move(decoder), sample_rate, channel_count});
+}
+
 HwOpus::HwOpus(Core::System& system_) : ServiceFramework{system_, "hwopus"} {
    static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-        {0, &HwOpus::OpenOpusDecoder, "OpenOpusDecoder"},
+        {0, &HwOpus::OpenHardwareOpusDecoder, "OpenHardwareOpusDecoder"},
        {1, &HwOpus::GetWorkBufferSize, "GetWorkBufferSize"},
        {2, nullptr, "OpenOpusDecoderForMultiStream"},
        {3, nullptr, "GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStream"},
-        {4, nullptr, "OpenHardwareOpusDecoderEx"},
-        {5, nullptr, "GetWorkBufferSizeEx"},
+        {4, &HwOpus::OpenHardwareOpusDecoderEx, "OpenHardwareOpusDecoderEx"},
+        {5, &HwOpus::GetWorkBufferSizeEx, "GetWorkBufferSizeEx"},
        {6, nullptr, "OpenHardwareOpusDecoderForMultiStreamEx"},
        {7, nullptr, "GetWorkBufferSizeForMultiStreamEx"},
    };
@@ -18,8 +18,10 @@ public:
    ~HwOpus() override;

 private:
-    void OpenOpusDecoder(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+    void OpenHardwareOpusDecoder(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+    void OpenHardwareOpusDecoderEx(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
    void GetWorkBufferSize(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+    void GetWorkBufferSizeEx(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
 };

 } // namespace Service::Audio
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 #include "common/fs/fs.h"
 #include "common/fs/path_util.h"
 #include "common/hex_util.h"
-#include "common/logging/backend.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
@@ -314,7 +313,7 @@ void SynchronizeInternal(AM::Applets::AppletManager& applet_manager, DirectoryGe
        LOG_ERROR(Service_BCAT, "Boxcat synchronization failed with error '{}'!", res);

        if (res == DownloadResult::NoMatchBuildId || res == DownloadResult::NoMatchTitleId) {
-            void(Common::FS::RemoveFile(zip_path));
+            Common::FS::RemoveFile(zip_path);
        }

        HandleDownloadDisplayResult(applet_manager, res);
@@ -446,7 +445,7 @@ std::optional<std::vector<u8>> Boxcat::GetLaunchParameter(TitleIDVersion title)
            LOG_ERROR(Service_BCAT, "Boxcat synchronization failed with error '{}'!", res);

            if (res == DownloadResult::NoMatchBuildId || res == DownloadResult::NoMatchTitleId) {
-                void(Common::FS::RemoveFile(bin_file_path));
+                Common::FS::RemoveFile(bin_file_path);
            }

            HandleDownloadDisplayResult(applet_manager, res);
@@ -703,6 +703,16 @@ FileSys::VirtualDir FileSystemController::GetModificationLoadRoot(u64 title_id)
    return bis_factory->GetModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
 }

+FileSys::VirtualDir FileSystemController::GetSDMCModificationLoadRoot(u64 title_id) const {
+    LOG_TRACE(Service_FS, "Opening SDMC mod load root for tid={:016X}", title_id);
+
+    if (sdmc_factory == nullptr) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    return sdmc_factory->GetSDMCModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
+}
+
 FileSys::VirtualDir FileSystemController::GetModificationDumpRoot(u64 title_id) const {
    LOG_TRACE(Service_FS, "Opening mod dump root for tid={:016X}", title_id);

@@ -733,20 +743,23 @@ void FileSystemController::CreateFactories(FileSys::VfsFilesystem& vfs, bool ove
    }

    using YuzuPath = Common::FS::YuzuPath;
+    const auto sdmc_dir_path = Common::FS::GetYuzuPath(YuzuPath::SDMCDir);
+    const auto sdmc_load_dir_path = sdmc_dir_path / "atmosphere/contents";
    const auto rw_mode = FileSys::Mode::ReadWrite;

    auto nand_directory =
        vfs.OpenDirectory(Common::FS::GetYuzuPathString(YuzuPath::NANDDir), rw_mode);
-    auto sd_directory =
-        vfs.OpenDirectory(Common::FS::GetYuzuPathString(YuzuPath::SDMCDir), rw_mode);
+    auto sd_directory = vfs.OpenDirectory(Common::FS::PathToUTF8String(sdmc_dir_path), rw_mode);
    auto load_directory =
        vfs.OpenDirectory(Common::FS::GetYuzuPathString(YuzuPath::LoadDir), FileSys::Mode::Read);
+    auto sd_load_directory =
+        vfs.OpenDirectory(Common::FS::PathToUTF8String(sdmc_load_dir_path), FileSys::Mode::Read);
    auto dump_directory =
        vfs.OpenDirectory(Common::FS::GetYuzuPathString(YuzuPath::DumpDir), rw_mode);

    if (bis_factory == nullptr) {
-        bis_factory =
-            std::make_unique<FileSys::BISFactory>(nand_directory, load_directory, dump_directory);
+        bis_factory = std::make_unique<FileSys::BISFactory>(
+            nand_directory, std::move(load_directory), std::move(dump_directory));
        system.RegisterContentProvider(FileSys::ContentProviderUnionSlot::SysNAND,
                                       bis_factory->GetSystemNANDContents());
        system.RegisterContentProvider(FileSys::ContentProviderUnionSlot::UserNAND,
@@ -759,7 +772,8 @@ void FileSystemController::CreateFactories(FileSys::VfsFilesystem& vfs, bool ove
    }

    if (sdmc_factory == nullptr) {
-        sdmc_factory = std::make_unique<FileSys::SDMCFactory>(std::move(sd_directory));
+        sdmc_factory = std::make_unique<FileSys::SDMCFactory>(std::move(sd_directory),
+                                                              std::move(sd_load_directory));
        system.RegisterContentProvider(FileSys::ContentProviderUnionSlot::SDMC,
                                       sdmc_factory->GetSDMCContents());
    }
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ public:
    FileSys::VirtualDir GetContentDirectory(ContentStorageId id) const;
    FileSys::VirtualDir GetImageDirectory(ImageDirectoryId id) const;

+    FileSys::VirtualDir GetSDMCModificationLoadRoot(u64 title_id) const;
    FileSys::VirtualDir GetModificationLoadRoot(u64 title_id) const;
    FileSys::VirtualDir GetModificationDumpRoot(u64 title_id) const;

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/hex_util.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
+#include "common/settings.h"
 #include "common/string_util.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/directory.h"
@@ -785,6 +786,10 @@ FSP_SRV::FSP_SRV(Core::System& system_)
    };
    // clang-format on
    RegisterHandlers(functions);
+
+    if (Settings::values.enable_fs_access_log) {
+        access_log_mode = AccessLogMode::SdCard;
+    }
 }

 FSP_SRV::~FSP_SRV() = default;
@@ -1041,9 +1046,9 @@ void FSP_SRV::DisableAutoSaveDataCreation(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {

 void FSP_SRV::SetGlobalAccessLogMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    log_mode = rp.PopEnum<LogMode>();
+    access_log_mode = rp.PopEnum<AccessLogMode>();

-    LOG_DEBUG(Service_FS, "called, log_mode={:08X}", log_mode);
+    LOG_DEBUG(Service_FS, "called, access_log_mode={}", access_log_mode);

    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
    rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
@@ -1054,7 +1059,7 @@ void FSP_SRV::GetGlobalAccessLogMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {

    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
    rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-    rb.PushEnum(log_mode);
+    rb.PushEnum(access_log_mode);
 }

 void FSP_SRV::OutputAccessLogToSdCard(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
@@ -1062,9 +1067,9 @@ void FSP_SRV::OutputAccessLogToSdCard(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
    auto log = Common::StringFromFixedZeroTerminatedBuffer(
        reinterpret_cast<const char*>(raw.data()), raw.size());

-    LOG_DEBUG(Service_FS, "called, log='{}'", log);
+    LOG_DEBUG(Service_FS, "called");

-    reporter.SaveFilesystemAccessReport(log_mode, std::move(log));
+    reporter.SaveFSAccessLog(log);

    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
    rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
@@ -24,11 +24,10 @@ enum class AccessLogVersion : u32 {
    Latest = V7_0_0,
 };

-enum class LogMode : u32 {
-    Off,
+enum class AccessLogMode : u32 {
+    None,
    Log,
-    RedirectToSdCard,
-    LogToSdCard = Log | RedirectToSdCard,
+    SdCard,
 };

 class FSP_SRV final : public ServiceFramework<FSP_SRV> {
@@ -59,13 +58,12 @@ private:

    FileSystemController& fsc;
    const FileSys::ContentProvider& content_provider;
+    const Core::Reporter& reporter;

    FileSys::VirtualFile romfs;
    u64 current_process_id = 0;
    u32 access_log_program_index = 0;
-    LogMode log_mode = LogMode::LogToSdCard;
-
-    const Core::Reporter& reporter;
+    AccessLogMode access_log_mode = AccessLogMode::None;
 };

 } // namespace Service::FileSystem
@@ -314,6 +314,8 @@ void Controller_NPad::OnInit() {

 void Controller_NPad::OnLoadInputDevices() {
    const auto& players = Settings::values.players.GetValue();
+
+    std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < players.size(); ++i) {
        std::transform(players[i].buttons.begin() + Settings::NativeButton::BUTTON_HID_BEGIN,
                       players[i].buttons.begin() + Settings::NativeButton::BUTTON_HID_END,
@@ -348,6 +350,8 @@ void Controller_NPad::OnRelease() {
 }

 void Controller_NPad::RequestPadStateUpdate(u32 npad_id) {
+    std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
+
    const auto controller_idx = NPadIdToIndex(npad_id);
    const auto controller_type = connected_controllers[controller_idx].type;
    if (!connected_controllers[controller_idx].is_connected) {
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@

 #include <array>
 #include <atomic>
+#include <mutex>
+
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/quaternion.h"
@@ -563,6 +565,8 @@ private:
    using MotionArray = std::array<
        std::array<std::unique_ptr<Input::MotionDevice>, Settings::NativeMotion::NUM_MOTIONS_HID>,
        10>;
+
+    std::mutex mutex;
    ButtonArray buttons;
    StickArray sticks;
    VibrationArray vibrations;
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ Hid::Hid(Core::System& system_) : ServiceFramework{system_, "hid"} {
        {80, &Hid::GetGyroscopeZeroDriftMode, "GetGyroscopeZeroDriftMode"},
        {81, &Hid::ResetGyroscopeZeroDriftMode, "ResetGyroscopeZeroDriftMode"},
        {82, &Hid::IsSixAxisSensorAtRest, "IsSixAxisSensorAtRest"},
-        {83, nullptr, "IsFirmwareUpdateAvailableForSixAxisSensor"},
+        {83, &Hid::IsFirmwareUpdateAvailableForSixAxisSensor, "IsFirmwareUpdateAvailableForSixAxisSensor"},
        {91, &Hid::ActivateGesture, "ActivateGesture"},
        {100, &Hid::SetSupportedNpadStyleSet, "SetSupportedNpadStyleSet"},
        {101, &Hid::GetSupportedNpadStyleSet, "GetSupportedNpadStyleSet"},
@@ -710,6 +710,27 @@ void Hid::IsSixAxisSensorAtRest(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
                .IsSixAxisSensorAtRest());
 }

+void Hid::IsFirmwareUpdateAvailableForSixAxisSensor(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+    struct Parameters {
+        Controller_NPad::DeviceHandle sixaxis_handle;
+        INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(1);
+        u64 applet_resource_user_id;
+    };
+
+    const auto parameters{rp.PopRaw<Parameters>()};
+
+    LOG_WARNING(
+        Service_HID,
+        "(STUBBED) called, npad_type={}, npad_id={}, device_index={}, applet_resource_user_id={}",
+        parameters.sixaxis_handle.npad_type, parameters.sixaxis_handle.npad_id,
+        parameters.sixaxis_handle.device_index, parameters.applet_resource_user_id);
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
+    rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
+    rb.Push(false);
+}
+
 void Hid::ActivateGesture(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
    struct Parameters {
@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ private:
    void GetGyroscopeZeroDriftMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
    void ResetGyroscopeZeroDriftMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
    void IsSixAxisSensorAtRest(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+    void IsFirmwareUpdateAvailableForSixAxisSensor(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
    void ActivateGesture(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
    void SetSupportedNpadStyleSet(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
    void GetSupportedNpadStyleSet(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
@@ -51,6 +51,24 @@ struct hash<Service::LM::LogPacketHeaderEntry> {
 } // namespace std

 namespace Service::LM {
+namespace {
+std::string_view NameOf(LogSeverity severity) {
+    switch (severity) {
+    case LogSeverity::Trace:
+        return "TRACE";
+    case LogSeverity::Info:
+        return "INFO";
+    case LogSeverity::Warning:
+        return "WARNING";
+    case LogSeverity::Error:
+        return "ERROR";
+    case LogSeverity::Fatal:
+        return "FATAL";
+    default:
+        return "UNKNOWN";
+    }
+}
+} // Anonymous namespace

 enum class LogDestination : u32 {
    TargetManager = 1 << 0,
@@ -262,33 +280,8 @@ private:
        if (text_log) {
            output_log += fmt::format("Log Text: {}\n", *text_log);
        }
-
-        switch (entry.severity) {
-        case LogSeverity::Trace:
-            LOG_DEBUG(Service_LM, "LogManager TRACE ({}):\n{}", DestinationToString(destination),
-                      output_log);
-            break;
-        case LogSeverity::Info:
-            LOG_INFO(Service_LM, "LogManager INFO ({}):\n{}", DestinationToString(destination),
-                     output_log);
-            break;
-        case LogSeverity::Warning:
-            LOG_WARNING(Service_LM, "LogManager WARNING ({}):\n{}",
-                        DestinationToString(destination), output_log);
-            break;
-        case LogSeverity::Error:
-            LOG_ERROR(Service_LM, "LogManager ERROR ({}):\n{}", DestinationToString(destination),
-                      output_log);
-            break;
-        case LogSeverity::Fatal:
-            LOG_CRITICAL(Service_LM, "LogManager FATAL ({}):\n{}", DestinationToString(destination),
-                         output_log);
-            break;
-        default:
-            LOG_CRITICAL(Service_LM, "LogManager UNKNOWN ({}):\n{}",
-                         DestinationToString(destination), output_log);
-            break;
-        }
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LM, "LogManager {} ({}):\n{}", NameOf(entry.severity),
+                  DestinationToString(destination), output_log);
    }

    static std::string DestinationToString(LogDestination destination) {
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@

 #pragma once

+#include <array>
+#include <vector>
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/uuid.h"
@@ -307,6 +307,9 @@ void NVFlinger::Compose() {
 }

 s64 NVFlinger::GetNextTicks() const {
+    if (Settings::values.disable_fps_limit.GetValue()) {
+        return 0;
+    }
    constexpr s64 max_hertz = 120LL;
    return (1000000000 * (1LL << swap_interval)) / max_hertz;
 }
@@ -149,10 +149,10 @@ void ServiceFrameworkBase::ReportUnimplementedFunction(Kernel::HLERequestContext
    std::string function_name = info == nullptr ? fmt::format("{}", ctx.GetCommand()) : info->name;

    fmt::memory_buffer buf;
-    fmt::format_to(buf, "function '{}': port='{}' cmd_buf={{[0]=0x{:X}", function_name,
-                   service_name, cmd_buf[0]);
+    fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(buf), "function '{}': port='{}' cmd_buf={{[0]=0x{:X}",
+                   function_name, service_name, cmd_buf[0]);
    for (int i = 1; i <= 8; ++i) {
-        fmt::format_to(buf, ", [{}]=0x{:X}", i, cmd_buf[i]);
+        fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(buf), ", [{}]=0x{:X}", i, cmd_buf[i]);
    }
    buf.push_back('}');

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ namespace Service::SPL {
 CSRNG::CSRNG(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
    : Interface(system_, std::move(module_), "csrng") {
    static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-        {0, &CSRNG::GetRandomBytes, "GetRandomBytes"},
+        {0, &CSRNG::GenerateRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
    };
    RegisterHandlers(functions);
 }
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include <vector>
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
+#include "core/hle/api_version.h"
 #include "core/hle/ipc_helpers.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/spl/csrng.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/spl/module.h"
@@ -24,7 +25,46 @@ Module::Interface::Interface(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> modu

 Module::Interface::~Interface() = default;

-void Module::Interface::GetRandomBytes(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+void Module::Interface::GetConfig(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+    const auto config_item = rp.PopEnum<ConfigItem>();
+
+    // This should call svcCallSecureMonitor with the appropriate args.
+    // Since we do not have it implemented yet, we will use this for now.
+    const auto smc_result = GetConfigImpl(config_item);
+    const auto result_code = smc_result.Code();
+
+    if (smc_result.Failed()) {
+        LOG_ERROR(Service_SPL, "called, config_item={}, result_code={}", config_item,
+                  result_code.raw);
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+        rb.Push(result_code);
+    }
+
+    LOG_DEBUG(Service_SPL, "called, config_item={}, result_code={}, smc_result={}", config_item,
+              result_code.raw, *smc_result);
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 4};
+    rb.Push(result_code);
+    rb.Push(*smc_result);
+}
+
+void Module::Interface::ModularExponentiate(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("ModularExponentiate is not implemented!");
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(ResultSecureMonitorNotImplemented);
+}
+
+void Module::Interface::SetConfig(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("SetConfig is not implemented!");
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(ResultSecureMonitorNotImplemented);
+}
+
+void Module::Interface::GenerateRandomBytes(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
    LOG_DEBUG(Service_SPL, "called");

    const std::size_t size = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize();
@@ -39,6 +79,88 @@ void Module::Interface::GetRandomBytes(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
    rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
 }

+void Module::Interface::IsDevelopment(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("IsDevelopment is not implemented!");
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(ResultSecureMonitorNotImplemented);
+}
+
+void Module::Interface::SetBootReason(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("SetBootReason is not implemented!");
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(ResultSecureMonitorNotImplemented);
+}
+
+void Module::Interface::GetBootReason(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("GetBootReason is not implemented!");
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(ResultSecureMonitorNotImplemented);
+}
+
+ResultVal<u64> Module::Interface::GetConfigImpl(ConfigItem config_item) const {
+    switch (config_item) {
+    case ConfigItem::DisableProgramVerification:
+    case ConfigItem::DramId:
+    case ConfigItem::SecurityEngineInterruptNumber:
+    case ConfigItem::FuseVersion:
+    case ConfigItem::HardwareType:
+    case ConfigItem::HardwareState:
+    case ConfigItem::IsRecoveryBoot:
+    case ConfigItem::DeviceId:
+    case ConfigItem::BootReason:
+    case ConfigItem::MemoryMode:
+    case ConfigItem::IsDevelopmentFunctionEnabled:
+    case ConfigItem::KernelConfiguration:
+    case ConfigItem::IsChargerHiZModeEnabled:
+    case ConfigItem::QuestState:
+    case ConfigItem::RegulatorType:
+    case ConfigItem::DeviceUniqueKeyGeneration:
+    case ConfigItem::Package2Hash:
+        return ResultSecureMonitorNotImplemented;
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereApiVersion:
+        // Get information about the current exosphere version.
+        return MakeResult((u64{HLE::ApiVersion::ATMOSPHERE_RELEASE_VERSION_MAJOR} << 56) |
+                          (u64{HLE::ApiVersion::ATMOSPHERE_RELEASE_VERSION_MINOR} << 48) |
+                          (u64{HLE::ApiVersion::ATMOSPHERE_RELEASE_VERSION_MICRO} << 40) |
+                          (static_cast<u64>(HLE::ApiVersion::GetTargetFirmware())));
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereNeedsReboot:
+        // We are executing, so we aren't in the process of rebooting.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereNeedsShutdown:
+        // We are executing, so we aren't in the process of shutting down.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereGitCommitHash:
+        // Get information about the current exosphere git commit hash.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereHasRcmBugPatch:
+        // Get information about whether this unit has the RCM bug patched.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereBlankProdInfo:
+        // Get whether this unit should simulate a "blanked" PRODINFO.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereAllowCalWrites:
+        // Get whether this unit should allow writing to the calibration partition.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereEmummcType:
+        // Get what kind of emummc this unit has active.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    case ConfigItem::ExospherePayloadAddress:
+        // Gets the physical address of the reboot payload buffer, if one exists.
+        return ResultSecureMonitorNotInitialized;
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereLogConfiguration:
+        // Get the log configuration.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereForceEnableUsb30:
+        // Get whether usb 3.0 should be force-enabled.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    default:
+        return ResultSecureMonitorInvalidArgument;
+    }
+}
+
 void InstallInterfaces(SM::ServiceManager& service_manager, Core::System& system) {
    auto module = std::make_shared<Module>();
    std::make_shared<CSRNG>(system, module)->InstallAsService(service_manager);
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@

 #include <random>
 #include "core/hle/service/service.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/spl/spl_results.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/spl/spl_types.h"

 namespace Core {
 class System;
@@ -21,12 +23,21 @@ public:
                           const char* name);
        ~Interface() override;

-        void GetRandomBytes(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+        // General
+        void GetConfig(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+        void ModularExponentiate(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+        void SetConfig(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+        void GenerateRandomBytes(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+        void IsDevelopment(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+        void SetBootReason(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+        void GetBootReason(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);

    protected:
        std::shared_ptr<Module> module;

    private:
+        ResultVal<u64> GetConfigImpl(ConfigItem config_item) const;
+
        std::mt19937 rng;
    };
 };
@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ SPL::SPL(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
    : Interface(system_, std::move(module_), "spl:") {
    // clang-format off
    static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-        {0, nullptr, "GetConfig"},
-        {1, nullptr, "ModularExponentiate"},
-        {5, nullptr, "SetConfig"},
-        {7, &SPL::GetRandomBytes, "GetRandomBytes"},
-        {11, nullptr, "IsDevelopment"},
-        {24, nullptr, "SetBootReason"},
-        {25, nullptr, "GetBootReason"},
+        {0, &SPL::GetConfig, "GetConfig"},
+        {1, &SPL::ModularExponentiate, "ModularExponentiate"},
+        {5, &SPL::SetConfig, "SetConfig"},
+        {7, &SPL::GenerateRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
+        {11, &SPL::IsDevelopment, "IsDevelopment"},
+        {24, &SPL::SetBootReason, "SetBootReason"},
+        {25, &SPL::GetBootReason, "GetBootReason"},
    };
    // clang-format on

@@ -27,22 +27,22 @@ SPL_MIG::SPL_MIG(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
    : Interface(system_, std::move(module_), "spl:mig") {
    // clang-format off
    static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-        {0, nullptr, "GetConfig"},
-        {1, nullptr, "ModularExponentiate"},
+        {0, &SPL::GetConfig, "GetConfig"},
+        {1, &SPL::ModularExponentiate, "ModularExponentiate"},
        {2, nullptr, "GenerateAesKek"},
        {3, nullptr, "LoadAesKey"},
        {4, nullptr, "GenerateAesKey"},
-        {5, nullptr, "SetConfig"},
-        {7, &SPL::GetRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
-        {11, nullptr, "IsDevelopment"},
+        {5, &SPL::SetConfig, "SetConfig"},
+        {7, &SPL::GenerateRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
+        {11, &SPL::IsDevelopment, "IsDevelopment"},
        {14, nullptr, "DecryptAesKey"},
        {15, nullptr, "CryptAesCtr"},
        {16, nullptr, "ComputeCmac"},
        {21, nullptr, "AllocateAesKeyslot"},
        {22, nullptr, "DeallocateAesKeySlot"},
        {23, nullptr, "GetAesKeyslotAvailableEvent"},
-        {24, nullptr, "SetBootReason"},
-        {25, nullptr, "GetBootReason"},
+        {24, &SPL::SetBootReason, "SetBootReason"},
+        {25, &SPL::GetBootReason, "GetBootReason"},
    };
    // clang-format on

@@ -53,16 +53,16 @@ SPL_FS::SPL_FS(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
    : Interface(system_, std::move(module_), "spl:fs") {
    // clang-format off
    static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-        {0, nullptr, "GetConfig"},
-        {1, nullptr, "ModularExponentiate"},
+        {0, &SPL::GetConfig, "GetConfig"},
+        {1, &SPL::ModularExponentiate, "ModularExponentiate"},
        {2, nullptr, "GenerateAesKek"},
        {3, nullptr, "LoadAesKey"},
        {4, nullptr, "GenerateAesKey"},
-        {5, nullptr, "SetConfig"},
-        {7, &SPL::GetRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
+        {5, &SPL::SetConfig, "SetConfig"},
+        {7, &SPL::GenerateRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
        {9, nullptr, "ImportLotusKey"},
        {10, nullptr, "DecryptLotusMessage"},
-        {11, nullptr, "IsDevelopment"},
+        {11, &SPL::IsDevelopment, "IsDevelopment"},
        {12, nullptr, "GenerateSpecificAesKey"},
        {14, nullptr, "DecryptAesKey"},
        {15, nullptr, "CryptAesCtr"},
@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ SPL_FS::SPL_FS(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
        {21, nullptr, "AllocateAesKeyslot"},
        {22, nullptr, "DeallocateAesKeySlot"},
        {23, nullptr, "GetAesKeyslotAvailableEvent"},
-        {24, nullptr, "SetBootReason"},
-        {25, nullptr, "GetBootReason"},
+        {24, &SPL::SetBootReason, "SetBootReason"},
+        {25, &SPL::GetBootReason, "GetBootReason"},
        {31, nullptr, "GetPackage2Hash"},
    };
    // clang-format on
@@ -84,14 +84,14 @@ SPL_SSL::SPL_SSL(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
    : Interface(system_, std::move(module_), "spl:ssl") {
    // clang-format off
    static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-        {0, nullptr, "GetConfig"},
-        {1, nullptr, "ModularExponentiate"},
+        {0, &SPL::GetConfig, "GetConfig"},
+        {1, &SPL::ModularExponentiate, "ModularExponentiate"},
        {2, nullptr, "GenerateAesKek"},
        {3, nullptr, "LoadAesKey"},
        {4, nullptr, "GenerateAesKey"},
-        {5, nullptr, "SetConfig"},
-        {7, &SPL::GetRandomBytes, "GetRandomBytes"},
-        {11, nullptr, "IsDevelopment"},
+        {5, &SPL::SetConfig, "SetConfig"},
+        {7, &SPL::GenerateRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
+        {11, &SPL::IsDevelopment, "IsDevelopment"},
        {13, nullptr, "DecryptDeviceUniqueData"},
        {14, nullptr, "DecryptAesKey"},
        {15, nullptr, "CryptAesCtr"},
@@ -99,8 +99,8 @@ SPL_SSL::SPL_SSL(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
        {21, nullptr, "AllocateAesKeyslot"},
        {22, nullptr, "DeallocateAesKeySlot"},
        {23, nullptr, "GetAesKeyslotAvailableEvent"},
-        {24, nullptr, "SetBootReason"},
-        {25, nullptr, "GetBootReason"},
+        {24, &SPL::SetBootReason, "SetBootReason"},
+        {25, &SPL::GetBootReason, "GetBootReason"},
        {26, nullptr, "DecryptAndStoreSslClientCertKey"},
        {27, nullptr, "ModularExponentiateWithSslClientCertKey"},
    };
@@ -113,14 +113,14 @@ SPL_ES::SPL_ES(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
    : Interface(system_, std::move(module_), "spl:es") {
    // clang-format off
    static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-        {0, nullptr, "GetConfig"},
-        {1, nullptr, "ModularExponentiate"},
+        {0, &SPL::GetConfig, "GetConfig"},
+        {1, &SPL::ModularExponentiate, "ModularExponentiate"},
        {2, nullptr, "GenerateAesKek"},
        {3, nullptr, "LoadAesKey"},
        {4, nullptr, "GenerateAesKey"},
-        {5, nullptr, "SetConfig"},
-        {7, &SPL::GetRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
-        {11, nullptr, "IsDevelopment"},
+        {5, &SPL::SetConfig, "SetConfig"},
+        {7, &SPL::GenerateRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
+        {11, &SPL::IsDevelopment, "IsDevelopment"},
        {13, nullptr, "DecryptDeviceUniqueData"},
        {14, nullptr, "DecryptAesKey"},
        {15, nullptr, "CryptAesCtr"},
@@ -131,8 +131,8 @@ SPL_ES::SPL_ES(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
        {21, nullptr, "AllocateAesKeyslot"},
        {22, nullptr, "DeallocateAesKeySlot"},
        {23, nullptr, "GetAesKeyslotAvailableEvent"},
-        {24, nullptr, "SetBootReason"},
-        {25, nullptr, "GetBootReason"},
+        {24, &SPL::SetBootReason, "SetBootReason"},
+        {25, &SPL::GetBootReason, "GetBootReason"},
        {28, nullptr, "DecryptAndStoreDrmDeviceCertKey"},
        {29, nullptr, "ModularExponentiateWithDrmDeviceCertKey"},
        {31, nullptr, "PrepareEsArchiveKey"},
@@ -147,14 +147,14 @@ SPL_MANU::SPL_MANU(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
    : Interface(system_, std::move(module_), "spl:manu") {
    // clang-format off
    static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-        {0, nullptr, "GetConfig"},
-        {1, nullptr, "ModularExponentiate"},
+        {0, &SPL::GetConfig, "GetConfig"},
+        {1, &SPL::ModularExponentiate, "ModularExponentiate"},
        {2, nullptr, "GenerateAesKek"},
        {3, nullptr, "LoadAesKey"},
        {4, nullptr, "GenerateAesKey"},
-        {5, nullptr, "SetConfig"},
-        {7, &SPL::GetRandomBytes, "GetRandomBytes"},
-        {11, nullptr, "IsDevelopment"},
+        {5, &SPL::SetConfig, "SetConfig"},
+        {7, &SPL::GenerateRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
+        {11, &SPL::IsDevelopment, "IsDevelopment"},
        {13, nullptr, "DecryptDeviceUniqueData"},
        {14, nullptr, "DecryptAesKey"},
        {15, nullptr, "CryptAesCtr"},
@@ -162,8 +162,8 @@ SPL_MANU::SPL_MANU(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
        {21, nullptr, "AllocateAesKeyslot"},
        {22, nullptr, "DeallocateAesKeySlot"},
        {23, nullptr, "GetAesKeyslotAvailableEvent"},
-        {24, nullptr, "SetBootReason"},
-        {25, nullptr, "GetBootReason"},
+        {24, &SPL::SetBootReason, "SetBootReason"},
+        {25, &SPL::GetBootReason, "GetBootReason"},
        {30, nullptr, "ReencryptDeviceUniqueData"},
    };
    // clang-format on
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "core/hle/result.h"
+
+namespace Service::SPL {
+
+// Description 0 - 99
+constexpr ResultCode ResultSecureMonitorError{ErrorModule::SPL, 0};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultSecureMonitorNotImplemented{ErrorModule::SPL, 1};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultSecureMonitorInvalidArgument{ErrorModule::SPL, 2};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultSecureMonitorBusy{ErrorModule::SPL, 3};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultSecureMonitorNoAsyncOperation{ErrorModule::SPL, 4};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultSecureMonitorInvalidAsyncOperation{ErrorModule::SPL, 5};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultSecureMonitorNotPermitted{ErrorModule::SPL, 6};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultSecureMonitorNotInitialized{ErrorModule::SPL, 7};
+
+constexpr ResultCode ResultInvalidSize{ErrorModule::SPL, 100};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultUnknownSecureMonitorError{ErrorModule::SPL, 101};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultDecryptionFailed{ErrorModule::SPL, 102};
+
+constexpr ResultCode ResultOutOfKeySlots{ErrorModule::SPL, 104};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultInvalidKeySlot{ErrorModule::SPL, 105};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultBootReasonAlreadySet{ErrorModule::SPL, 106};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultBootReasonNotSet{ErrorModule::SPL, 107};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultInvalidArgument{ErrorModule::SPL, 108};
+
+} // namespace Service::SPL
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+// Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <span>
+
+#include "common/bit_field.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace Service::SPL {
+
+constexpr size_t AES_128_KEY_SIZE = 0x10;
+
+namespace Smc {
+
+enum class FunctionId : u32 {
+    SetConfig = 0xC3000401,
+    GetConfig = 0xC3000002,
+    GetResult = 0xC3000003,
+    GetResultData = 0xC3000404,
+    ModularExponentiate = 0xC3000E05,
+    GenerateRandomBytes = 0xC3000006,
+    GenerateAesKek = 0xC3000007,
+    LoadAesKey = 0xC3000008,
+    ComputeAes = 0xC3000009,
+    GenerateSpecificAesKey = 0xC300000A,
+    ComputeCmac = 0xC300040B,
+    ReencryptDeviceUniqueData = 0xC300D60C,
+    DecryptDeviceUniqueData = 0xC300100D,
+
+    ModularExponentiateWithStorageKey = 0xC300060F,
+    PrepareEsDeviceUniqueKey = 0xC3000610,
+    LoadPreparedAesKey = 0xC3000011,
+    PrepareCommonEsTitleKey = 0xC3000012,
+
+    // Deprecated functions.
+    LoadEsDeviceKey = 0xC300100C,
+    DecryptAndStoreGcKey = 0xC300100E,
+
+    // Atmosphere functions.
+    AtmosphereIramCopy = 0xF0000201,
+    AtmosphereReadWriteRegister = 0xF0000002,
+
+    AtmosphereGetEmummcConfig = 0xF0000404,
+};
+
+enum class CipherMode {
+    CbcEncrypt = 0,
+    CbcDecrypt = 1,
+    Ctr = 2,
+};
+
+enum class DeviceUniqueDataMode {
+    DecryptDeviceUniqueData = 0,
+    DecryptAndStoreGcKey = 1,
+    DecryptAndStoreEsDeviceKey = 2,
+    DecryptAndStoreSslKey = 3,
+    DecryptAndStoreDrmDeviceCertKey = 4,
+};
+
+enum class ModularExponentiateWithStorageKeyMode {
+    Gc = 0,
+    Ssl = 1,
+    DrmDeviceCert = 2,
+};
+
+enum class EsCommonKeyType {
+    TitleKey = 0,
+    ArchiveKey = 1,
+};
+
+struct AsyncOperationKey {
+    u64 value;
+};
+
+} // namespace Smc
+
+enum class HardwareType {
+    Icosa = 0,
+    Copper = 1,
+    Hoag = 2,
+    Iowa = 3,
+    Calcio = 4,
+    Aula = 5,
+};
+
+enum class SocType {
+    Erista = 0,
+    Mariko = 1,
+};
+
+enum class HardwareState {
+    Development = 0,
+    Production = 1,
+};
+
+enum class MemoryArrangement {
+    Standard = 0,
+    StandardForAppletDev = 1,
+    StandardForSystemDev = 2,
+    Expanded = 3,
+    ExpandedForAppletDev = 4,
+
+    // Note: Dynamic is not official.
+    // Atmosphere uses it to maintain compatibility with firmwares prior to 6.0.0,
+    // which removed the explicit retrieval of memory arrangement from PM.
+    Dynamic = 5,
+    Count,
+};
+
+enum class BootReason {
+    Unknown = 0,
+    AcOk = 1,
+    OnKey = 2,
+    RtcAlarm1 = 3,
+    RtcAlarm2 = 4,
+};
+
+struct BootReasonValue {
+    union {
+        u32 value{};
+
+        BitField<0, 8, u32> power_intr;
+        BitField<8, 8, u32> rtc_intr;
+        BitField<16, 8, u32> nv_erc;
+        BitField<24, 8, u32> boot_reason;
+    };
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(BootReasonValue) == sizeof(u32), "BootReasonValue definition!");
+
+struct AesKey {
+    std::array<u64, AES_128_KEY_SIZE / sizeof(u64)> data64{};
+
+    std::span<u8> AsBytes() {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+
+    std::span<const u8> AsBytes() const {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<const u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(AesKey) == AES_128_KEY_SIZE, "AesKey definition!");
+
+struct IvCtr {
+    std::array<u64, AES_128_KEY_SIZE / sizeof(u64)> data64{};
+
+    std::span<u8> AsBytes() {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+
+    std::span<const u8> AsBytes() const {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<const u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(AesKey) == AES_128_KEY_SIZE, "IvCtr definition!");
+
+struct Cmac {
+    std::array<u64, AES_128_KEY_SIZE / sizeof(u64)> data64{};
+
+    std::span<u8> AsBytes() {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+
+    std::span<const u8> AsBytes() const {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<const u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(AesKey) == AES_128_KEY_SIZE, "Cmac definition!");
+
+struct AccessKey {
+    std::array<u64, AES_128_KEY_SIZE / sizeof(u64)> data64{};
+
+    std::span<u8> AsBytes() {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+
+    std::span<const u8> AsBytes() const {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<const u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(AesKey) == AES_128_KEY_SIZE, "AccessKey definition!");
+
+struct KeySource {
+    std::array<u64, AES_128_KEY_SIZE / sizeof(u64)> data64{};
+
+    std::span<u8> AsBytes() {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+
+    std::span<const u8> AsBytes() const {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<const u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(AesKey) == AES_128_KEY_SIZE, "KeySource definition!");
+
+enum class ConfigItem : u32 {
+    // Standard config items.
+    DisableProgramVerification = 1,
+    DramId = 2,
+    SecurityEngineInterruptNumber = 3,
+    FuseVersion = 4,
+    HardwareType = 5,
+    HardwareState = 6,
+    IsRecoveryBoot = 7,
+    DeviceId = 8,
+    BootReason = 9,
+    MemoryMode = 10,
+    IsDevelopmentFunctionEnabled = 11,
+    KernelConfiguration = 12,
+    IsChargerHiZModeEnabled = 13,
+    QuestState = 14,
+    RegulatorType = 15,
+    DeviceUniqueKeyGeneration = 16,
+    Package2Hash = 17,
+
+    // Extension config items for exosphere.
+    ExosphereApiVersion = 65000,
+    ExosphereNeedsReboot = 65001,
+    ExosphereNeedsShutdown = 65002,
+    ExosphereGitCommitHash = 65003,
+    ExosphereHasRcmBugPatch = 65004,
+    ExosphereBlankProdInfo = 65005,
+    ExosphereAllowCalWrites = 65006,
+    ExosphereEmummcType = 65007,
+    ExospherePayloadAddress = 65008,
+    ExosphereLogConfiguration = 65009,
+    ExosphereForceEnableUsb30 = 65010,
+};
+
+} // namespace Service::SPL
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ ResultCode TimeZoneContentManager::GetTimeZoneInfoFile(const std::string& locati
        return ERROR_TIME_NOT_FOUND;
    }

-    vfs_file = zoneinfo_dir->GetFile(location_name);
+    vfs_file = zoneinfo_dir->GetFileRelative(location_name);
    if (!vfs_file) {
        LOG_ERROR(Service_Time, "{:016X} has no file \"{}\"! Using default timezone.",
                  time_zone_binary_titleid, location_name);
@@ -195,7 +195,9 @@ json GetHLERequestContextData(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx, Core::Memory::Memo

 namespace Core {

-Reporter::Reporter(System& system_) : system(system_) {}
+Reporter::Reporter(System& system_) : system(system_) {
+    ClearFSAccessLog();
+}

 Reporter::~Reporter() = default;

@@ -362,22 +364,12 @@ void Reporter::SaveErrorReport(u64 title_id, ResultCode result,
    SaveToFile(std::move(out), GetPath("error_report", title_id, timestamp));
 }

-void Reporter::SaveFilesystemAccessReport(Service::FileSystem::LogMode log_mode,
-                                          std::string log_message) const {
-    if (!IsReportingEnabled())
-        return;
+void Reporter::SaveFSAccessLog(std::string_view log_message) const {
+    const auto access_log_path =
+        Common::FS::GetYuzuPath(Common::FS::YuzuPath::SDMCDir) / "FsAccessLog.txt";

-    const auto timestamp = GetTimestamp();
-    const auto title_id = system.CurrentProcess()->GetTitleID();
-    json out;
-
-    out["yuzu_version"] = GetYuzuVersionData();
-    out["report_common"] = GetReportCommonData(title_id, ResultSuccess, timestamp);
-
-    out["log_mode"] = fmt::format("{:08X}", static_cast<u32>(log_mode));
-    out["log_message"] = std::move(log_message);
-
-    SaveToFile(std::move(out), GetPath("filesystem_access_report", title_id, timestamp));
+    void(Common::FS::AppendStringToFile(access_log_path, Common::FS::FileType::TextFile,
+                                        log_message));
 }

 void Reporter::SaveUserReport() const {
@@ -392,6 +384,18 @@ void Reporter::SaveUserReport() const {
               GetPath("user_report", title_id, timestamp));
 }

+void Reporter::ClearFSAccessLog() const {
+    const auto access_log_path =
+        Common::FS::GetYuzuPath(Common::FS::YuzuPath::SDMCDir) / "FsAccessLog.txt";
+
+    Common::FS::IOFile access_log_file{access_log_path, Common::FS::FileAccessMode::Write,
+                                       Common::FS::FileType::TextFile};
+
+    if (!access_log_file.IsOpen()) {
+        LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Failed to clear the filesystem access log.");
+    }
+}
+
 bool Reporter::IsReportingEnabled() const {
    return Settings::values.reporting_services;
 }
@@ -16,10 +16,6 @@ namespace Kernel {
 class HLERequestContext;
 } // namespace Kernel

-namespace Service::FileSystem {
-enum class LogMode : u32;
-}
-
 namespace Service::LM {
 struct LogMessage;
 } // namespace Service::LM
@@ -69,14 +65,15 @@ public:
                         std::optional<std::string> custom_text_main = {},
                         std::optional<std::string> custom_text_detail = {}) const;

-    void SaveFilesystemAccessReport(Service::FileSystem::LogMode log_mode,
-                                    std::string log_message) const;
+    void SaveFSAccessLog(std::string_view log_message) const;

    // Can be used anywhere to generate a backtrace and general info report at any point during
    // execution. Not intended to be used for anything other than debugging or testing.
    void SaveUserReport() const;

 private:
+    void ClearFSAccessLog() const;
+
    bool IsReportingEnabled() const;

    System& system;
@@ -230,6 +230,7 @@ void TelemetrySession::AddInitialInfo(Loader::AppLoader& app_loader,
             Settings::values.use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation.GetValue());
    AddField(field_type, "Renderer_UseNvdecEmulation",
             Settings::values.use_nvdec_emulation.GetValue());
+    AddField(field_type, "Renderer_AccelerateASTC", Settings::values.accelerate_astc.GetValue());
    AddField(field_type, "Renderer_UseVsync", Settings::values.use_vsync.GetValue());
    AddField(field_type, "Renderer_UseAssemblyShaders",
             Settings::values.use_assembly_shaders.GetValue());
@@ -2,25 +2,23 @@
 // Licensed under GPLv2+
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.

+#include <stop_token>
+#include <thread>
+
 #include "common/settings.h"
 #include "input_common/mouse/mouse_input.h"

 namespace MouseInput {

 Mouse::Mouse() {
-    update_thread = std::thread(&Mouse::UpdateThread, this);
+    update_thread = std::jthread([this](std::stop_token stop_token) { UpdateThread(stop_token); });
 }

-Mouse::~Mouse() {
-    update_thread_running = false;
-    if (update_thread.joinable()) {
-        update_thread.join();
-    }
-}
+Mouse::~Mouse() = default;

-void Mouse::UpdateThread() {
+void Mouse::UpdateThread(std::stop_token stop_token) {
    constexpr int update_time = 10;
-    while (update_thread_running) {
+    while (!stop_token.stop_requested()) {
        for (MouseInfo& info : mouse_info) {
            const Common::Vec3f angular_direction{
                -info.tilt_direction.y,
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@

 #include <array>
 #include <mutex>
+#include <stop_token>
 #include <thread>

 #include "common/common_types.h"
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ public:
    [[nodiscard]] const MouseData& GetMouseState(std::size_t button) const;

 private:
-    void UpdateThread();
+    void UpdateThread(std::stop_token stop_token);
    void UpdateYuzuSettings();
    void StopPanning();

@@ -105,12 +106,11 @@ private:
    u16 buttons{};
    u16 toggle_buttons{};
    u16 lock_buttons{};
-    std::thread update_thread;
+    std::jthread update_thread;
    MouseButton last_button{MouseButton::Undefined};
    std::array<MouseInfo, 7> mouse_info;
    Common::SPSCQueue<MouseStatus> mouse_queue;
    bool configuring{false};
-    bool update_thread_running{true};
    int mouse_panning_timout{};
 };
 } // namespace MouseInput
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 // Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.

+#include <algorithm>
+#include <memory>
 #include <mutex>
 #include <utility>

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.

+#include <algorithm>
 #include "common/settings.h"
 #include "core/frontend/framebuffer_layout.h"
 #include "input_common/touch_from_button.h"
@@ -5,11 +5,13 @@
 #include <catch2/catch.hpp>

 #include "common/host_memory.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"

 using Common::HostMemory;
+using namespace Common::Literals;

 static constexpr size_t VIRTUAL_SIZE = 1ULL << 39;
-static constexpr size_t BACKING_SIZE = 4ULL * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
+static constexpr size_t BACKING_SIZE = 4_GiB;

 TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Initialize and deinitialize", "[common]") {
    { HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE); }
@@ -237,6 +237,7 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
    texture_cache/util.cpp
    texture_cache/util.h
    textures/astc.h
+    textures/astc.cpp
    textures/decoders.cpp
    textures/decoders.h
    textures/texture.cpp
@@ -292,6 +293,7 @@ endif()
 if (MSVC)
    target_compile_options(video_core PRIVATE
        /we4267 # 'var' : conversion from 'size_t' to 'type', possible loss of data
+        /we4244 # 'var' : conversion from integer to 'type', possible loss of data
        /we4456 # Declaration of 'identifier' hides previous local declaration
        /we4457 # Declaration of 'identifier' hides function parameter
        /we4458 # Declaration of 'identifier' hides class member
@@ -256,6 +256,16 @@ public:
        stream_score += score;
    }

+    /// Sets the new frame tick
+    void SetFrameTick(u64 new_frame_tick) noexcept {
+        frame_tick = new_frame_tick;
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the new frame tick
+    [[nodiscard]] u64 FrameTick() const noexcept {
+        return frame_tick;
+    }
+
    /// Returns the likeliness of this being a stream buffer
    [[nodiscard]] int StreamScore() const noexcept {
        return stream_score;
@@ -586,6 +596,7 @@ private:
    RasterizerInterface* rasterizer = nullptr;
    VAddr cpu_addr = 0;
    Words words;
+    u64 frame_tick = 0;
    BufferFlagBits flags{};
    int stream_score = 0;
 };
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@

 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/div_ceil.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
 #include "common/microprofile.h"
 #include "common/scope_exit.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
@@ -47,8 +48,11 @@ constexpr u32 NUM_COMPUTE_UNIFORM_BUFFERS = 8;
 constexpr u32 NUM_STORAGE_BUFFERS = 16;
 constexpr u32 NUM_STAGES = 5;

+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
 template <typename P>
 class BufferCache {
+
    // Page size for caching purposes.
    // This is unrelated to the CPU page size and it can be changed as it seems optimal.
    static constexpr u32 PAGE_BITS = 16;
@@ -65,6 +69,9 @@ class BufferCache {

    static constexpr BufferId NULL_BUFFER_ID{0};

+    static constexpr u64 EXPECTED_MEMORY = 512_MiB;
+    static constexpr u64 CRITICAL_MEMORY = 1_GiB;
+
    using Maxwell = Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs;

    using Runtime = typename P::Runtime;
@@ -92,7 +99,7 @@ class BufferCache {
    };

 public:
-    static constexpr u32 DEFAULT_SKIP_CACHE_SIZE = 4096;
+    static constexpr u32 DEFAULT_SKIP_CACHE_SIZE = static_cast<u32>(4_KiB);

    explicit BufferCache(VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer_,
                         Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D& maxwell3d_,
@@ -188,6 +195,8 @@ private:
               ((cpu_addr + size) & ~Core::Memory::PAGE_MASK);
    }

+    void RunGarbageCollector();
+
    void BindHostIndexBuffer();

    void BindHostVertexBuffers();
@@ -243,6 +252,8 @@ private:
    template <bool insert>
    void ChangeRegister(BufferId buffer_id);

+    void TouchBuffer(Buffer& buffer) const noexcept;
+
    bool SynchronizeBuffer(Buffer& buffer, VAddr cpu_addr, u32 size);

    bool SynchronizeBufferImpl(Buffer& buffer, VAddr cpu_addr, u32 size);
@@ -255,6 +266,10 @@ private:

    void MappedUploadMemory(Buffer& buffer, u64 total_size_bytes, std::span<BufferCopy> copies);

+    void DownloadBufferMemory(Buffer& buffer_id);
+
+    void DownloadBufferMemory(Buffer& buffer_id, VAddr cpu_addr, u64 size);
+
    void DeleteBuffer(BufferId buffer_id);

    void ReplaceBufferDownloads(BufferId old_buffer_id, BufferId new_buffer_id);
@@ -319,6 +334,10 @@ private:
    size_t immediate_buffer_capacity = 0;
    std::unique_ptr<u8[]> immediate_buffer_alloc;

+    typename SlotVector<Buffer>::Iterator deletion_iterator;
+    u64 frame_tick = 0;
+    u64 total_used_memory = 0;
+
    std::array<BufferId, ((1ULL << 39) >> PAGE_BITS)> page_table;
 };

@@ -332,6 +351,28 @@ BufferCache<P>::BufferCache(VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer_,
      gpu_memory{gpu_memory_}, cpu_memory{cpu_memory_}, runtime{runtime_} {
    // Ensure the first slot is used for the null buffer
    void(slot_buffers.insert(runtime, NullBufferParams{}));
+    deletion_iterator = slot_buffers.end();
+}
+
+template <class P>
+void BufferCache<P>::RunGarbageCollector() {
+    const bool aggressive_gc = total_used_memory >= CRITICAL_MEMORY;
+    const u64 ticks_to_destroy = aggressive_gc ? 60 : 120;
+    int num_iterations = aggressive_gc ? 64 : 32;
+    for (; num_iterations > 0; --num_iterations) {
+        if (deletion_iterator == slot_buffers.end()) {
+            deletion_iterator = slot_buffers.begin();
+        }
+        ++deletion_iterator;
+        if (deletion_iterator == slot_buffers.end()) {
+            break;
+        }
+        const auto [buffer_id, buffer] = *deletion_iterator;
+        if (buffer->FrameTick() + ticks_to_destroy < frame_tick) {
+            DownloadBufferMemory(*buffer);
+            DeleteBuffer(buffer_id);
+        }
+    }
 }

 template <class P>
@@ -349,6 +390,10 @@ void BufferCache<P>::TickFrame() {
    const bool skip_preferred = hits * 256 < shots * 251;
    uniform_buffer_skip_cache_size = skip_preferred ? DEFAULT_SKIP_CACHE_SIZE : 0;

+    if (Settings::values.use_caches_gc.GetValue() && total_used_memory >= EXPECTED_MEMORY) {
+        RunGarbageCollector();
+    }
+    ++frame_tick;
    delayed_destruction_ring.Tick();
 }

@@ -372,48 +417,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::CachedWriteMemory(VAddr cpu_addr, u64 size) {
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::DownloadMemory(VAddr cpu_addr, u64 size) {
    ForEachBufferInRange(cpu_addr, size, [&](BufferId, Buffer& buffer) {
-        boost::container::small_vector<BufferCopy, 1> copies;
-        u64 total_size_bytes = 0;
-        u64 largest_copy = 0;
-        buffer.ForEachDownloadRange(cpu_addr, size, [&](u64 range_offset, u64 range_size) {
-            copies.push_back(BufferCopy{
-                .src_offset = range_offset,
-                .dst_offset = total_size_bytes,
-                .size = range_size,
-            });
-            total_size_bytes += range_size;
-            largest_copy = std::max(largest_copy, range_size);
-        });
-        if (total_size_bytes == 0) {
-            return;
-        }
-        MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(GPU_DownloadMemory);
-
-        if constexpr (USE_MEMORY_MAPS) {
-            auto download_staging = runtime.DownloadStagingBuffer(total_size_bytes);
-            const u8* const mapped_memory = download_staging.mapped_span.data();
-            const std::span<BufferCopy> copies_span(copies.data(), copies.data() + copies.size());
-            for (BufferCopy& copy : copies) {
-                // Modify copies to have the staging offset in mind
-                copy.dst_offset += download_staging.offset;
-            }
-            runtime.CopyBuffer(download_staging.buffer, buffer, copies_span);
-            runtime.Finish();
-            for (const BufferCopy& copy : copies) {
-                const VAddr copy_cpu_addr = buffer.CpuAddr() + copy.src_offset;
-                // Undo the modified offset
-                const u64 dst_offset = copy.dst_offset - download_staging.offset;
-                const u8* copy_mapped_memory = mapped_memory + dst_offset;
-                cpu_memory.WriteBlockUnsafe(copy_cpu_addr, copy_mapped_memory, copy.size);
-            }
-        } else {
-            const std::span<u8> immediate_buffer = ImmediateBuffer(largest_copy);
-            for (const BufferCopy& copy : copies) {
-                buffer.ImmediateDownload(copy.src_offset, immediate_buffer.subspan(0, copy.size));
-                const VAddr copy_cpu_addr = buffer.CpuAddr() + copy.src_offset;
-                cpu_memory.WriteBlockUnsafe(copy_cpu_addr, immediate_buffer.data(), copy.size);
-            }
-        }
+        DownloadBufferMemory(buffer, cpu_addr, size);
    });
 }

@@ -640,6 +644,7 @@ bool BufferCache<P>::IsRegionGpuModified(VAddr addr, size_t size) {
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::BindHostIndexBuffer() {
    Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[index_buffer.buffer_id];
+    TouchBuffer(buffer);
    const u32 offset = buffer.Offset(index_buffer.cpu_addr);
    const u32 size = index_buffer.size;
    SynchronizeBuffer(buffer, index_buffer.cpu_addr, size);
@@ -658,6 +663,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostVertexBuffers() {
    for (u32 index = 0; index < NUM_VERTEX_BUFFERS; ++index) {
        const Binding& binding = vertex_buffers[index];
        Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[binding.buffer_id];
+        TouchBuffer(buffer);
        SynchronizeBuffer(buffer, binding.cpu_addr, binding.size);
        if (!flags[Dirty::VertexBuffer0 + index]) {
            continue;
@@ -693,6 +699,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostGraphicsUniformBuffer(size_t stage, u32 index, u32
    const VAddr cpu_addr = binding.cpu_addr;
    const u32 size = binding.size;
    Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[binding.buffer_id];
+    TouchBuffer(buffer);
    const bool use_fast_buffer = binding.buffer_id != NULL_BUFFER_ID &&
                                 size <= uniform_buffer_skip_cache_size &&
                                 !buffer.IsRegionGpuModified(cpu_addr, size);
@@ -744,6 +751,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostGraphicsStorageBuffers(size_t stage) {
    ForEachEnabledBit(enabled_storage_buffers[stage], [&](u32 index) {
        const Binding& binding = storage_buffers[stage][index];
        Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[binding.buffer_id];
+        TouchBuffer(buffer);
        const u32 size = binding.size;
        SynchronizeBuffer(buffer, binding.cpu_addr, size);

@@ -766,6 +774,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostTransformFeedbackBuffers() {
    for (u32 index = 0; index < NUM_TRANSFORM_FEEDBACK_BUFFERS; ++index) {
        const Binding& binding = transform_feedback_buffers[index];
        Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[binding.buffer_id];
+        TouchBuffer(buffer);
        const u32 size = binding.size;
        SynchronizeBuffer(buffer, binding.cpu_addr, size);

@@ -784,6 +793,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostComputeUniformBuffers() {
    ForEachEnabledBit(enabled_compute_uniform_buffers, [&](u32 index) {
        const Binding& binding = compute_uniform_buffers[index];
        Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[binding.buffer_id];
+        TouchBuffer(buffer);
        const u32 size = binding.size;
        SynchronizeBuffer(buffer, binding.cpu_addr, size);

@@ -803,6 +813,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostComputeStorageBuffers() {
    ForEachEnabledBit(enabled_compute_storage_buffers, [&](u32 index) {
        const Binding& binding = compute_storage_buffers[index];
        Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[binding.buffer_id];
+        TouchBuffer(buffer);
        const u32 size = binding.size;
        SynchronizeBuffer(buffer, binding.cpu_addr, size);

@@ -1101,6 +1112,7 @@ BufferId BufferCache<P>::CreateBuffer(VAddr cpu_addr, u32 wanted_size) {
    const OverlapResult overlap = ResolveOverlaps(cpu_addr, wanted_size);
    const u32 size = static_cast<u32>(overlap.end - overlap.begin);
    const BufferId new_buffer_id = slot_buffers.insert(runtime, rasterizer, overlap.begin, size);
+    TouchBuffer(slot_buffers[new_buffer_id]);
    for (const BufferId overlap_id : overlap.ids) {
        JoinOverlap(new_buffer_id, overlap_id, !overlap.has_stream_leap);
    }
@@ -1122,8 +1134,14 @@ template <class P>
 template <bool insert>
 void BufferCache<P>::ChangeRegister(BufferId buffer_id) {
    const Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[buffer_id];
+    const auto size = buffer.SizeBytes();
+    if (insert) {
+        total_used_memory += Common::AlignUp(size, 1024);
+    } else {
+        total_used_memory -= Common::AlignUp(size, 1024);
+    }
    const VAddr cpu_addr_begin = buffer.CpuAddr();
-    const VAddr cpu_addr_end = cpu_addr_begin + buffer.SizeBytes();
+    const VAddr cpu_addr_end = cpu_addr_begin + size;
    const u64 page_begin = cpu_addr_begin / PAGE_SIZE;
    const u64 page_end = Common::DivCeil(cpu_addr_end, PAGE_SIZE);
    for (u64 page = page_begin; page != page_end; ++page) {
@@ -1135,6 +1153,11 @@ void BufferCache<P>::ChangeRegister(BufferId buffer_id) {
    }
 }

+template <class P>
+void BufferCache<P>::TouchBuffer(Buffer& buffer) const noexcept {
+    buffer.SetFrameTick(frame_tick);
+}
+
 template <class P>
 bool BufferCache<P>::SynchronizeBuffer(Buffer& buffer, VAddr cpu_addr, u32 size) {
    if (buffer.CpuAddr() == 0) {
@@ -1211,6 +1234,57 @@ void BufferCache<P>::MappedUploadMemory(Buffer& buffer, u64 total_size_bytes,
    runtime.CopyBuffer(buffer, upload_staging.buffer, copies);
 }

+template <class P>
+void BufferCache<P>::DownloadBufferMemory(Buffer& buffer) {
+    DownloadBufferMemory(buffer, buffer.CpuAddr(), buffer.SizeBytes());
+}
+
+template <class P>
+void BufferCache<P>::DownloadBufferMemory(Buffer& buffer, VAddr cpu_addr, u64 size) {
+    boost::container::small_vector<BufferCopy, 1> copies;
+    u64 total_size_bytes = 0;
+    u64 largest_copy = 0;
+    buffer.ForEachDownloadRange(cpu_addr, size, [&](u64 range_offset, u64 range_size) {
+        copies.push_back(BufferCopy{
+            .src_offset = range_offset,
+            .dst_offset = total_size_bytes,
+            .size = range_size,
+        });
+        total_size_bytes += range_size;
+        largest_copy = std::max(largest_copy, range_size);
+    });
+    if (total_size_bytes == 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+    MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(GPU_DownloadMemory);
+
+    if constexpr (USE_MEMORY_MAPS) {
+        auto download_staging = runtime.DownloadStagingBuffer(total_size_bytes);
+        const u8* const mapped_memory = download_staging.mapped_span.data();
+        const std::span<BufferCopy> copies_span(copies.data(), copies.data() + copies.size());
+        for (BufferCopy& copy : copies) {
+            // Modify copies to have the staging offset in mind
+            copy.dst_offset += download_staging.offset;
+        }
+        runtime.CopyBuffer(download_staging.buffer, buffer, copies_span);
+        runtime.Finish();
+        for (const BufferCopy& copy : copies) {
+            const VAddr copy_cpu_addr = buffer.CpuAddr() + copy.src_offset;
+            // Undo the modified offset
+            const u64 dst_offset = copy.dst_offset - download_staging.offset;
+            const u8* copy_mapped_memory = mapped_memory + dst_offset;
+            cpu_memory.WriteBlockUnsafe(copy_cpu_addr, copy_mapped_memory, copy.size);
+        }
+    } else {
+        const std::span<u8> immediate_buffer = ImmediateBuffer(largest_copy);
+        for (const BufferCopy& copy : copies) {
+            buffer.ImmediateDownload(copy.src_offset, immediate_buffer.subspan(0, copy.size));
+            const VAddr copy_cpu_addr = buffer.CpuAddr() + copy.src_offset;
+            cpu_memory.WriteBlockUnsafe(copy_cpu_addr, immediate_buffer.data(), copy.size);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::DeleteBuffer(BufferId buffer_id) {
    const auto scalar_replace = [buffer_id](Binding& binding) {
@@ -1236,6 +1310,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::DeleteBuffer(BufferId buffer_id) {

    Unregister(buffer_id);
    delayed_destruction_ring.Push(std::move(slot_buffers[buffer_id]));
+    slot_buffers.erase(buffer_id);

    NotifyBufferDeletion();
 }
@@ -14,10 +14,18 @@ extern "C" {
 #pragma GCC diagnostic push
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
 #endif
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4242) // conversion from 'type' to 'type', possible loss of data
+#pragma warning(disable : 4244) // conversion from 'type' to 'type', possible loss of data
+#endif
 #include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
 #if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
 #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
 #endif
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
 }

 namespace Tegra {